0:00

france are several

0:02

islands which have a unique status in the community

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they , part of the country,

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they share they same monarch as

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the united commonwealth

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are more about the channel

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islands, the bailiwick of jersey, and

0:18

bailiwick of on this episode of

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everything everywhere daily

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i think if we didn't episode and what seems

1:36

like a really simple question but is actually

1:38

quite tricky what is

1:40

a country if you look at a map

1:42

of world will see most of the land divided up

1:44

into different sections with lines around them that

1:46

are differently colored these ,

1:48

defined countries do in fact cover most

1:50

of the earth and these cases are pretty cut and dry

1:53

that , mongolia to spit is namibia

1:55

and that tiny bit as luxembourg while

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these countries do account for most of the war they

2:00

don't quite account for everything

2:02

there are places that are edge cases

2:05

the on full fledged countries with a seat in the united

2:07

nations but nor are they territories

2:10

of country like to brought her guam or

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greenland such is the case

2:14

with the channel islands the

2:16

channel islands or a collection of small islands

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located in the english channel they said

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just north of normandy and are far

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closer to the french coast and they are to england

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if you look at a map and didn't know any better

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you would assume that they were part of france but

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they're not the channel islands

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consist of two separate jurisdictions

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the bailiwick of jersey and the billie

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with of guernsey if you've

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ever heard of the american state of new jersey

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and ever wondered where old jersey was

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well it's off the coast of france

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the name new jersey came from came bailiff of

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jersey was given was grant of land biking

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charles the second why you

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may have heard of a breed of cow called a guernsey

2:56

the guernsey comes from the island that bears

2:58

its name jersey is

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the southernmost of the to bailey wix and jersey

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is the only populated island in the bailiwick

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with a population of about one hundred and six thousand

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the bailiwick of guernsey is to the

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north the main island of guernsey is

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the largest with a population of sixty three thousand

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but there are a few other small populated

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islands as well alderney has

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a population of two thousand sark has

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a population of six hundred and herm

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has a population of sixty literally

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the channel islands are considered to be crown

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dependencies the only other

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crown dependency is the isle of man

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which will be the subject of another episode

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there's a crown dependencies they are not

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part of the united kingdom they have

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no representation in parliament however

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they are also not territories

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of the united kingdom such as gibraltar

3:47

the falkland islands or st helena they

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are also not sovereign countries such

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they are not members of the european union's

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united nations or the commonwealth of nations

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which consists of mostly former british colonies

4:00

the sovereign of those jersey and

4:02

guernsey is the british monarch who

4:04

at the time of recording is charles the third

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however the monarch is recognized

4:09

as the crown in jersey or the

4:11

crown in guernsey not

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as the crown of the united kingdom this

4:16

sounds suspiciously similar to how the king

4:19

is the king of canada or the king of australia

4:22

separately from being the king of united

4:24

kingdom this sounds suspiciously

4:26

familiar to how the monarchy as the king

4:28

of canada or the king of australia separately

4:31

from being the king of united kingdom this

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would seem to make the channel islands more similar

4:36

to independent countries likewise

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the crown is represented locally in each

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jurisdiction by a lieutenant governor similar

4:43

to how the crown is represented in other countries

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by a governor general however

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jersey and guernsey each use the pound

4:50

as their currency or at least the issue

4:53

their own pound note separate from the bank of england

4:55

or scotland they have their own passports

4:57

that say british passports on the front

4:59

and are treated as uk passports for the

5:01

purpose of travel jersey

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and guernsey are represented by the united kingdom

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diplomatically spans uk is

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also responsible for their defense all

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these things make them sound like a british

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territory so how

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did this on political situation com about

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how did these islands become a creature which

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internationally are considered neither first

5:23

nor foul it all goes

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back over one thousand years given

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their location right off the coast of normandy it

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should come as no surprise that they were once part

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of the duchy of normandy intense

5:35

sixty six the duke of normandy a

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guy that you might have heard of by the name of william the conqueror

5:40

invaded and conquered england the

5:42

new king of england held the channel islands

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as part of his lands along with england

5:46

and normandy the for about one

5:49

hundred and fifty years normandy was held by the kings

5:51

of england however having land

5:53

on the other side of the english channel was never

5:55

really a long term tenable position the

5:58

friends were never tina but the holding on to

6:00

territory and mean one france

6:02

the french king sol per second set about taking

6:05

back normandy some english over

6:07

a ten year period from twelve or four to twelve

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fourteen the french and english fought for control

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of normandy a war that the french

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eventually one the english

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king john was normandy but managed

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to retain control over the channel islands

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his successor henry the second formally seeded

6:23

his claim to normandy but the channel islands

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remain part of henry's claim although

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like normandy it was never part

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of england the crowd eventually

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appointed a bailiff for both jersey and

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guernsey the term bayless had different

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meanings in the middle ages and in the case

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of the channel islands a bayless was basically

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the top civil servant on each island as

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they were regions governed by a bayless

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they were known as bailey wix which

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is the term they're still known by today here

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i need to stress that jersey and guernsey

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are totally independent entities of each other

6:58

while they are often lumped together as the

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channel islands which i'm doing in this episode

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they are legally totally different things

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they don't share any laws in infrastructure

7:08

or any institutions the

7:10

only thing that they share is a television

7:12

station the channel islands

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weren't really a major player in the history

7:16

of either france or england they were

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just sort of their and for the most part

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didn't really play a role in the affairs of either country

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their primary business was fishing and farming

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and that was about it they

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did however suffer from constant piracy

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in changes in free policy between england

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and france the were mostly

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the victims of the historical trends with

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swirled about them when henry

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the eighth adopt a protestantism of jersey

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and guernsey did as well however

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because they were protestant and not part of france

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the attracted many of the calvinist protestants

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from france during the french revolution

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the island once again saw an influx of refugees

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but this time it was mostly aristocrats

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who are fleeing madame guillotine the

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biggest historical event happened to the channel

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islands occur during the second world war

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how the channel islands experience

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the war was radically different than how

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the rest of the uk experience the war when

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the germans invaded france the british expeditionary

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forces were routed and almost extinguish

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but for the miraculous evacuation from dunkirk

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the people in the channel islands couldn't have known

8:20

that right after france was invaded the

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british government decided that the islands weren't

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of strategic importance and they weren't going

8:27

to expand men and ships to defend them when

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charles de gaulle fled france he did so

8:32

by flying to the island of jersey on june seventeen

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sacking forty on june

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twentieth all of the remaining british

8:38

troops on the island were evacuated the

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british eventually realize that an evacuation

8:43

of the civilian population of the island to be

8:45

necessary but by the time they realized

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that he was too late guernsey

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did manage to evacuate eighty percent of their

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children from the island and another twelve thousand

8:54

adults jersey however

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only managed to evacuate about twelve percent

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of it's population the germans

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enter the island on june thirtieth that

9:03

they didn't know that all the military personnel

9:05

have been removed from the island ten days off your

9:07

as the information had been suppressed by the british

9:10

government because the british

9:12

didn't make the information public the german

9:14

went ahead assuming that the island for fortified

9:16

and forty four civilians were killed in the invasion

9:20

the germans quickly set up defensive fortifications

9:22

on the island and incorporated the islands

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into vichy france the

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germans were rather lenient at first

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allowing the existing institutions to function

9:31

with the obvious cobb yeah that they could veto anything

9:33

or issue their own orders they

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change the time zone of the islands as well

9:38

as made everyone drive on the right over

9:40

the course of the war life became harder and harder

9:43

on the islands supplies dwindle then

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most islanders lost their jobs while

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there was an interest in a resistance movement little

9:50

was done as repercussions on the population

9:52

would outweigh any strategic benefit the

9:55

germans actually brought in soviet forced

9:57

labor to build fortifications on the island

9:59

is part of the i'm an atlantic wall while

10:02

the british didn't see any strategic value to the islands

10:04

hitler saw a great deal of symbolic

10:06

value as they were the only part of the british

10:09

islands that were occupied by the nazis during

10:11

the war for this reason the

10:13

island was some of the most heavily fortified

10:15

sections of the atlantic wall when

10:18

you beaches of normandy took place in june of nineteen

10:20

forty four the people on the islands assume

10:22

that liberation was just around the corner as

10:24

the allies or now only a few miles away

10:26

in france however in invasion

10:28

of the channel islands never happened the

10:31

allies kept moving forward on the continent the

10:33

continent ignored the islands the

10:36

winter of nineteen forty four and nineteen forty

10:38

five was the worst of the war and

10:40

sam and would have broken out for both civilians

10:42

and the german occupiers had it not

10:44

bad for red cross ships that brought in supplies

10:48

the german occupation of the channel islands ended

10:50

on may nine stinking forty five one

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day after v day when

10:55

the german high command surrendered some

10:57

of the smaller islands took another week for the germans

10:59

to surrender the rebels jersey

11:02

and guernsey have economies that rely heavily

11:04

on tourism and offshore banking nepal

11:06

your banking destinations for europeans because

11:09

they use the pound are not subject to british

11:11

laws yet still have a tightly regulated

11:13

banking industry on like offshore havens

11:15

in other countries there has been

11:17

some talk in jersey of declaring independence

11:20

but it isn't something that will probably be done

11:22

anytime soon unless or was to be some sort

11:24

of major incident there actually

11:26

isn't anything stopping them from declaring independence

11:28

as they aren't actually part of the united kingdom

11:31

spot in my bag relations with them more

11:33

difficult and they would have to increase expenditures

11:36

those jersey and guernsey have taken a more active

11:38

role in their international relations in recent

11:41

years and they now both have unofficial

11:43

consulate in france one

11:45

ambitious idea which has been floated is

11:47

the connected jersey to the french mainland

11:49

via a total and then potentially

11:51

connected jersey and guernsey with tunnel

11:54

both tunnels built it would be on a par

11:57

with the length of the channel tunnel which costs

11:59

twenty one eight billion inflation adjusted

12:01

pounds our lead

12:03

the most common way to visit jersey and guernsey is

12:05

via ferry the airports in england

12:08

in school and portsmouth and in france

12:10

in cherbourg in st malo i

12:12

don't vary from portsmouth back and twenty fourteen

12:15

and it was the worst boat experience of

12:17

my life we're extremely rough seas

12:19

in about half of the passengers were vomiting on the way

12:21

over i felt really

12:23

sorry for the crew that had to clean the ship

12:26

and you can fly there as well it's a one hour flight from

12:28

london that being said bush

12:31

jersey and guernsey are like visiting a small

12:33

town in england but with their own unique works

12:35

the issue there on how notes which are always fun to try

12:37

and spend if you go back to the uk and

12:40

it's also it's also interesting way to travel between

12:42

england and france is you are so and find jersey

12:45

and guernsey or two of the oddest places

12:47

on earth at least from a legal standpoint

12:50

they aren't countries and they aren't territories

12:52

of other countries either they are culturally

12:54

english yet geographically much closer

12:56

to france if you're interested

12:59

in visiting small countries and are places then

13:01

you should consider visiting jersey and guernsey

13:03

because their destinations that would be well

13:06

we can you barely

13:11

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13:25

am show merchandise available there including hoodies

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t and stickers plus it really

13:29

just helps me get the every single day, including,

13:32

of course, weekends and holidays if

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you leave you leave send me boost a g youtube

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