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1:24

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1:27

described the show as a massage to my brain

1:29

while drinking espresso okay

1:31

going to it which ology it's

1:33

a a word it's been sighted in the literature

1:36

one time but

1:38

that counts jc von von

1:40

klein a prominent scholar

1:42

of crustaceans acquainted while

1:44

describing a study about sea otters, it was

1:46

so well-written it was an interesting

1:48

read quote, even for the non

1:51

nutrient, ologist soldier

1:53

side, note comes from a mix of old

1:55

old words for water and water,

1:57

water water, and

1:59

then the

1:59

oh they think was a be picked up from looper

2:02

like a water was or ludo

2:05

meaning to play is anyone's guess but

2:07

otters are in the same must have had family

2:09

as weasels and wolverines

2:12

and makes and also badgers

2:14

and they are full of must and mosque

2:17

and mischief and you're about to get actually

2:19

destroyed by artifacts your small

2:21

talk will never recover otters will

2:23

be all you think about the remainder of your

2:25

life also we thought i have

2:27

to issue a trigger and content morning without

2:30

spoiling too much otters are not

2:32

not violent and many of

2:34

their behaviors would result in

2:36

criminal charges if water weasels

2:39

had a justice system but

2:41

in other ways they're better relationships

2:43

than we are now this otter expert

2:46

studied environmental systems for undergrad

2:48

and got a speech see and ecology and evolutionary

2:50

biology at u c santa cruz and

2:52

is now doing a post doc at the university of washington

2:54

in connection with the american museum of natural history

2:57

and university of texas so buckle up boy

2:59

howdy hot damn get

3:01

ready for coastal vs england

3:03

otters school morphology

3:06

the tricks our brains keys

3:08

for beach pastries

3:10

rock pockets the perils

3:13

of selfless motherhood kill

3:15

snaps the nostalgia of

3:17

utter drink things more crunching

3:19

and of course otter handholding with

3:22

scientist and certified otter

3:24

expert looter knowledge as

3:26

dr chris squad

3:46

my name is chris law and i go

3:48

by he him

3:50

and doctor correct

3:51

yes doctor

3:53

lotta for slow

3:55

we had a suggestion

3:57

for this allergy a few weeks ago

3:59

so

3:59

when had a dream also that there was a

4:02

and honors episode they woke up and

4:04

looked for it and then they realized that they jumped

4:06

it up and so that is why we

4:09

hustle defined you can someone had a need

4:11

for an otter episode so i can you

4:13

tell me how you came to be

4:15

the i always a withered yeah

4:17

so i've essentially started

4:20

my gets science career with

4:22

pollock eat worms very my undergrad

4:24

at easy san diego

4:26

these are bristly segmented marine

4:28

weren't which are almost as cute

4:30

it daughters

4:31

if you're into words

4:33

then as i was applying grad school

4:36

i met with my future

4:39

pg advisor read a meta at u

4:41

c santa cruz and we're just chatting

4:43

about potential research projects and

4:45

she studies moray eel

4:47

the i would yes there may not gonna

4:49

be working on some fish project which

4:51

is fine get out of my plans got the food chain

4:55

but then we were just a tad in tad little bit

4:57

and she's just brought up the idea

4:59

wow he just work on sea otters because we're in

5:01

santa cruz then they're just all over the place

5:03

and obviously alice like high yeah

5:06

of course

5:07

the chris has lived up and down the sunny

5:10

pacific coast in san diego and santa cruz

5:12

and orange county and like nearly every

5:14

calif

5:15

and he was familiar a sea otters

5:17

so the suggestion to work on them was like

5:19

hell yes jackpot

5:21

that partner

5:23

i've i've seen him before and like they're

5:25

adorable little teddy bears that you just wanna

5:27

hug and who doesn't wanna work on ansel

5:30

like the moment she said that can i just jumped

5:32

on that bandwagon and started doing

5:34

some research into what kinds of projects

5:36

i kid has could do and

5:38

then stay he all these hard shell prayer

5:41

why they have questions we were really wanna look

5:44

at is just how are they actually breaking into

5:46

those hard items so can

5:48

just got started on that so basically

5:50

an undergrad i come from iowa gov phylogenetic

5:53

background and evolutionary backers so

5:56

a half way through working with sierras

5:58

are starting to look into theaters

5:59

i just got this idea i have to go

6:02

to college and tree of all

6:04

of their not only otters with the we

6:06

those morons wolverine all his guys

6:08

i just started building that phylogenetic tree

6:11

and it just learning about a natural history

6:13

by reading about this group like i first

6:15

day of know wheels were related to honors though

6:18

learn more about weasel of and cannot read this

6:20

down this rabbit hole it's hey wanna study

6:22

why they so elongate

6:23

yeah they are like the dark sins

6:26

of the see why are they

6:28

so mom in

6:30

squiggly

6:31

the idea that a came around

6:33

sixteen or so million years ago that

6:36

during the mid martin clan transition

6:38

when aperture is drastically decreased

6:40

and this expansion of grasslands

6:43

occurred which then led to a diverse vacation

6:45

road and it ended by

6:47

elongated is hypothesized have

6:49

allow those we the like creatures

6:52

the go underground to chase all those

6:54

redness and is tight crevices and whatnot

6:56

wow i had no idea

6:58

that that is why bodies were long

7:00

i mean is that what doc censor doing aren't

7:02

they kind of like a little rodent

7:05

assholes dwellers

7:06

yeah so that's the idea between

7:08

our behind their kind of artificial

7:10

selection ray where people really are trying

7:12

to breed be a long day looking dogs

7:15

so they can go in these type crevices

7:17

or burrow to try to get those wrote it during

7:20

hunting

7:20

are they

7:22

it is chock full of vertebrate

7:24

they have more vertebrae are these longer

7:27

vertebrae than other animals

7:28

the added a fascinating question so i could

7:30

be think of snakes are eel

7:33

they become more elongate by just

7:35

simply adding more vertebrae which

7:37

makes sense right but then with mammals

7:40

were actually constrained to the number of

7:42

vertebrae that we have so in

7:44

car never ends with like dogs there's cat

7:47

they have about twenty the rustic

7:49

lumbar vertebrae and that number

7:51

of rarely rarely changes

7:53

so he can't become a long game

7:55

by just adding additional greater rate

7:57

they have to actually evolve

8:00

the to believe longer vertebrae

8:01

i was always wondering that about

8:04

like my sword his

8:06

poodle dog versus the docks and

8:08

or like a weasel as long

8:11

that will most were me bodies does have

8:13

longer

8:14

rak phone

8:15

each individually yeah exactly

8:17

so they have the exact same number vertebrae

8:20

ambitious some a dog breeds my

8:22

have relatively longer want although known her out

8:24

again you but as real looked into that cel be really interesting

8:27

to see that skeletal elements of were

8:29

actually contributes their those different

8:31

by plans in these different breed

8:34

so yeah every time you see a doc

8:36

that you would like to pet know that it

8:38

has thirty main vertebrae

8:40

and then between five to twenty

8:42

three bonus tailbones and

8:44

cord these side note they're born

8:46

with tales did you know that big bushy fox

8:49

tales googlettes same with australian

8:51

shepherds and other hurting dogs but

8:53

they tend to get the shot by breeders because

8:55

when they were actually used for hurting no one wanted

8:57

a stomped on tail and i read one

9:00

at twenty eighteen study titled see

9:02

seven vertebra homo

9:04

erotic transformation in domestic dogs

9:06

are plugged dogs breaking mammalian evolutionary

9:09

constraints which found that twenty five percent

9:11

of pugs have one fewer vertebra

9:14

than all other breeds and i like to think

9:16

that there's some be robed man in the

9:18

sky and , took a

9:20

vertebra send a snorting farting

9:23

pug dog and made sumus at

9:25

how many do you have well you were probably

9:27

warmer thirty three but you know have or and twenty four

9:30

what happened anyway

9:32

suppose it is kind of fuse together

9:35

at together bottom

9:36

i got a bag of raisinet you left

9:38

it a hot car only it's your secrets fine

9:40

and your cock sex from on this see the

9:42

us urology upset but enough about us let's

9:44

talk about gazing in wonder at ours

9:47

know chris also happens to make really gorgeous

9:49

science art starting the evolution

9:51

of these mammals in this beautiful colorful

9:54

detail

9:55

anywhere in the tree of life

9:57

are they

9:58

because i feel like i think of an otter

9:59

in a it seems like a

10:02

the hat and aquatic cats but

10:04

also kind of like an upside

10:06

down dog what's happening

10:08

yeah so it's in the order

10:11

carnivorous and carnivorous split

10:13

into two different made grooves the feel

10:15

forms which are like your cat

10:17

and any other group are their can of worms

10:20

which are your dogs' bears pinnipeds

10:22

and must the legs which are there the

10:24

raccoons we those guns otters although guy so

10:26

basically and a can of worms

10:28

it go

10:30

dog

10:31

there's henna pad

10:33

then skunks the red panda

10:36

raccoons an enema steroids which

10:38

includes that really species risk group

10:40

that includes the otters to weasel a stab

10:42

wolverine a martin

10:44

honey badger and the european

10:46

badger like over

10:49

the the species in moscow a day

10:51

you dream about the staff because i know you make

10:53

aren't about salad genetic trees

10:55

the your brain is it always trying to kind

10:57

of construct visuals of this

10:59

yeah i mean that's why i love like

11:01

learning how to make followed a series that i base is

11:03

such a cool way to just like showcase

11:05

the evolutionary history of like physically

11:08

the tree of life and with the carnivorous

11:10

in general like it's such a diverse group

11:12

and like so many different types of

11:14

hi plan then different sizes

11:17

and shapes that's really cool the be able to visualize

11:19

all that and like how this one species

11:22

hey brown this group a species are

11:24

hobbies too closely really species are

11:26

done the same party but then looked so very different

11:29

so it yeah that's part of their fine

11:31

are there have been an evolutionary biologists

11:33

are you an organized person in general i pretend

11:36

to be a comes

11:38

and goes noah

11:39

question what is it like to be an

11:41

otter i'll just do you get to touch them to get to hold

11:44

them to either to pet there for to get to touch of helped

11:46

either to hold her hand do they give you claim

11:48

to what is your life like

11:50

i mean i wish i could do all

11:52

of that they're close as i've done is

11:54

such swine it is honestly

11:57

saw this thing alley for cr the

12:00

top the thing i've ever fell i the

12:02

hallway under spirit of who are understand

12:05

why people back in a day really wanted to hunt

12:07

down just because

12:08

that power like use want to rub your face

12:11

on now convinced it's so soft then

12:13

hampshire it's also pretty warm in

12:15

turn been doing all the other stuff and turns

12:17

the like when you to hold their hand i don't think

12:19

i would ever want to do that with the wow daughter because

12:21

they would try to eat your fit or like by your face

12:24

if they could they're they're pure evil

12:26

they are pure evil says

12:28

dr chris

12:29

hi a professional

12:31

the shroud just you know this is coming

12:33

to new okay i'm glad we jumped right

12:35

into that because if you're somehow

12:38

i became informed a few years ago that otters

12:40

the cutest things ever also absolute

12:42

bastards evil sexual

12:44

predators hey well

12:47

steal your staff and sell it at a pawn

12:49

shop like they're the worst give

12:51

us a dark side

12:52

how fucked up or otters

12:55

oh i'm in yeah

12:57

so basic air the said is true

13:00

probably the worst thing is that they can

13:02

also be dogs ,

13:06

arm so apparently is there

13:08

a couple incidents where somebody

13:10

die was just like barking at one of it's

13:12

one of these orders of along like

13:14

the docker something and docker guess that honor just

13:17

got fed up when up to and just apparently

13:20

right down the and sound

13:22

i believe it might have drowned a plan

13:26

again deficit their word of mouth so

13:28

who knows and it september

13:30

twenty twenty one hurting

13:31

ida is ruining lives depend

13:33

mm rages on via the delta variant

13:35

and

13:36

good game premiere

13:46

meanwhile in alaska otters

13:48

are terrorizing encourage

13:51

citizens literally chasing

13:53

and sinking teeth into and

13:55

year old boy and this is not the first

13:57

time according to one news source close

13:59

officials are currently investigating whether

14:02

the and since all involve the same

14:04

group of otters and it's not

14:06

just in the last frontier was

14:08

also innocent

14:09

state cell phone video of

14:11

a charging otter

14:12

the picture of the allies otter send suicide

14:15

greg butler butler says the honor

14:17

attacks his dog shuster chester

14:19

was bitten on the nerves after an otter

14:22

charged through his screened in porch

14:24

to of his human neighbors were bitten

14:26

on their heels and hand

14:28

this daughter comes flying out of the lake to

14:30

start to chase my bike actually just

14:33

what right after my bike

14:34

oh wow rare these incidents

14:36

are not isolated and in

14:38

communities all over the globe fearful

14:40

uncles the amount of the sessions

14:43

the water get that arata her i've

14:45

heard this a a couple times and this is hop

14:48

in a couple times though it's kinda gnarly

14:51

i mean how big are they because i feel like a

14:53

river otters are bigger right how big

14:55

is sea otter like in also what's the difference you know

14:57

broader to see honor our so actually a sea

14:59

otter is much bigger it in a north

15:01

american river otter by in california

15:04

they don't they don't get that big

15:06

those are more alaskan otters by they are still

15:08

much bigger than than a little red

15:10

broader just to back up a little bit

15:13

there are thirteen

15:14

species of otter globally the

15:16

u s has two species the little river

15:18

otter about the same weight as a pug

15:21

and then the sea otters which of california

15:23

can be up to ninety pounds like

15:25

a rottweiler although the beef

15:27

your alaskan variety can top

15:30

one hundred libby's think like

15:32

a bernese mountain dog floating

15:34

around gnawing on gnawing crap now

15:36

they're also eurasian autres about

15:38

twenty pounds dachshund size and

15:40

some medium size african autres south

15:43

american giant river otters which are

15:45

somewhere between an american river otter and sea

15:47

otter in size and then there's then teeny

15:50

chihuahua sized asian autres but

15:52

yes in the u s i was surprised

15:54

that the river otters were smaller and

15:56

that the sea otters where these hefty

15:58

clam eating

15:59

see beasts they're big and

16:02

they're not

16:02

how do we define can be pretty vicious

16:04

if you get too close them

16:06

how did some evolved to the

16:09

our in freshwater and others sea

16:11

water or does it even

16:12

the matter because it's their breathing air

16:15

i remember that was sins and

16:17

bills

16:18

yeah so actually all

16:20

other orders are primarily fresh water

16:22

so it's the sea otter that's unique

16:24

it's that oddball that evolves from

16:27

all the other autres like about eight to ten

16:29

million years ago and it it'll a went on

16:31

basically it's own evolutionary to directory

16:33

so everything it dies everything about their

16:36

the allergy is very different compared

16:38

to other river otters and

16:40

sea otters are finally just sounded and ios

16:42

in whereas river otters especially

16:45

like north american river otters and eurasian otters

16:47

will actually go into the marine environment as well

16:50

so you can fire you can be and location

16:52

like in washington where there will be both

16:54

river otters and the otters oh

16:57

where are the sleeping snake or home

16:59

the theaters

17:01

either one like do revert to the sleep

17:03

in the water or juice or do they have like a cave

17:05

that they

17:05

the out and on shore

17:07

yeah so the river otters had done

17:10

that they hang out of there as seen on

17:12

by our i'm freezing billie along the shore

17:14

within were a sea otters actually just slow

17:17

and a water and i'm sure you've heard stories

17:19

that were taken ill wrap themselves

17:21

and some tell so they don't float away

17:24

they can take a nap that way the

17:26

relatively small marine mammals they

17:28

burn a lot of heat so they have to sleep

17:30

a lot to refuel and you

17:32

always see them by just taking this news there

17:34

it conserve some energy

17:36

do

17:40

you think the whole hands in the wild or that just

17:42

a publicity video from as you

17:45

the idol

17:47

i actually don't know because i

17:49

thought i remember giving a presentation

17:51

at this of i think see our conference

17:54

the and i had an image of that

17:56

you know that image of tooth yards holding hands that

17:58

with they did at one of them the area

18:01

how many tv set

18:03

for it without that's

18:06

because she said that they don't hold had

18:08

been had while but then

18:10

apparently then apparently weeks or

18:12

months later there's like some photos

18:14

of wow daughter's holding hands so i

18:17

don't know then

18:19

they are good prc

18:20

im doing like listen tmz around

18:22

the corner we're going to have to do something also

18:26

, out to autor paparazzi drew wharton

18:28

the founder of sea otters dot com who

18:30

and twenty sixteen capturing the first

18:33

photo of otters doing this in the

18:35

wild like one hundred percent of

18:37

celebrity couple of holding hands walking

18:40

into nobu walking eat nobu to of raw seafood also

18:42

sea otters dot com has live

18:44

sea otter camps if you would like to stare at

18:46

them

18:47

like minded people over the internet

18:50

otter all the g community like are

18:52

people really focus on conservation

18:55

are they trying to figure out how to increase populations

18:58

like is arabic conservation effort around his

19:00

yeah there's a huge effort

19:02

out all the major aquarium select the monterey

19:05

bay aquarium in california washington

19:09

i'm sure up in b c and

19:11

alaska also the great

19:13

efforts that the one i'm most familiar with

19:15

are the ones down in central coast california

19:18

where to monterey bay aquarium you satanic really

19:21

the us geological survey fish and wildlife

19:23

basically all of these organizations they

19:25

do all of this great outreach work

19:27

and also lot of work with the wild populations

19:29

to make sure that the population

19:32

is doing well that individual they're healthy

19:34

and that you know other possible

19:36

things that could affect them or looked into

19:39

how is their population

19:41

like the sea otters for example i feel like people

19:43

are really rallying for the sea otters

19:45

like how is the population like

19:48

his rebounding at all because

19:50

we just didn't episode on urchins and they were like

19:52

urchins are everywhere because sea otters

19:54

or not

19:55

yeah

19:56

so i guess it's very different

19:59

depending on what

19:59

population of the audio you're talking about so

20:02

that kelp tests are

20:04

chained to see honor system is really

20:06

describing their alaskan populations

20:08

pretty well as of that class a killer well as eating

20:11

that the honors which then increases

20:13

urchin

20:14

which then decreases kelp forest but

20:16

then in california the systems a little

20:18

bit different the were to sea otter populations

20:20

actually doing relatively stable so

20:22

i think there's about maybe three thousand

20:25

individuals in kosovo california

20:27

i could be wrong be wrong have you checked my numbers

20:30

he's right but basically the idea

20:32

that they are kind as constrained

20:35

between a point conception

20:37

down south and half moon bay

20:39

up north the reason

20:41

why they can expand skills they're being attacked

20:43

by sharks up north and i

20:45

guess fishermen are pushing own back up from

20:48

the south so they can't really expand and

20:50

not why that there's they're more like this carrying

20:52

capacity were they're running out

20:54

of food and the our population

20:56

can't really increase because of that

20:58

though in california they're stuck between

21:00

and net and a sharp place and

21:03

sea otters have been protected since the nineteen

21:05

eleven international first seal

21:07

treaty after colonization

21:09

of north america lead to a dangerous decline

21:12

and i looked into it and yup there's about three

21:14

thousand sea otters off the coast to

21:16

the pacific in california and

21:19

then ninety percent of the world

21:21

sea otters or off the coast of alaska there's

21:23

about twenty five thousand of them their know

21:25

what about the river otters is

21:27

estimated about hundred thousand of

21:29

north american river otters exist

21:31

in the us and canada according to

21:34

the banger of a paper river

21:36

otter status management and distribution

21:38

in united states evidence of large scale

21:40

population increase and range

21:42

expansion so that's good and

21:45

of the world's thirteen species

21:47

eight or threatened including the asian

21:49

small claw daughter and the smooth

21:51

coat a daughter and one called the sure

21:54

he knows daughter which sounds cute

21:56

that might be ferocious all these

21:58

orders are like we don't more otters

22:00

also i'm warning right now the

22:03

snacks or contains scenarios and

22:05

language that might mean literally triggering

22:08

to victims of alex's fucking otters

22:10

dude there's fucking did sex

22:12

lives of others what's going on

22:16

how are they making more otters

22:17

then are more show

22:20

it basically is

22:22

very a it's basically just

22:25

myanmar's ira us i heard nasa

22:27

heard yeah i'm sorry people

22:29

nine bleeping out a word that starts

22:31

with our that means sexual assaults i

22:33

know it can be hard for survivors to hear some just

22:35

airing on the side of bleeping ah

22:38

the owners though

22:40

the female is have it rough because

22:42

basically the moment they become sexually

22:44

mature as they are either pregnant

22:47

or have a baby with them or pop with

22:49

them and tell

22:50

they literally exhaust to themselves

22:52

to death and of hot act and lactation

22:55

syndrome for the female where

22:57

they just basically just die because they're

22:59

just so exhausted from then

23:01

you know putting so much energy towards their

23:04

the towards milk production and day

23:06

offset afford for their part how

23:08

can you might be some of those pubs

23:11

are basically just a little parasites i

23:13

remember just watching a mom

23:15

and pop interact and this

23:17

pop is almost bigger

23:19

than the bomb as it

23:21

was you're still hanging out with mom

23:24

and the moment mom goes die vein

23:27

the pop just like hangs out in a therapist the nazi

23:29

you and happy but then when the mom bring comes

23:31

up with food is just immediately

23:33

swimsuit a mom and just start like

23:35

you know crying and begging for

23:38

food on again this topic

23:40

what beard and a mom face

23:43

agree on pups usually stay with the mom for

23:45

six months stay up to a year and it's usually

23:47

not slackers that are staying up for staying beer are

23:50

usually just as big as mom still continuing

23:52

getting food from it

23:53

how did evolution

23:56

wow for that how can they can

23:58

miss they sustain that

24:00

these poor ladies and what are

24:02

all the bachelors doing are they roving

24:04

and packs of otters are there like packs

24:07

a bachelor river otters just terrorizing

24:10

i go for yeah

24:12

a bit of the evolution question i

24:14

think it's just because that pop will be like

24:17

nice and sat in ready to kind of go on

24:19

on it's own because if it gets weaned

24:21

to earlier and me mom too early

24:23

it's not gonna be able to eat in or get enough

24:25

food and this is going to die in that case

24:27

you're just gonna lose your your offspring and your

24:29

genetic potential right if

24:31

that happened so evolutionarily you

24:33

know there might be that reason for why sky

24:36

that pop really wants to extract all

24:38

the nutrients from the mom before

24:40

it and go off on it's own and

24:43

do it seems i

24:45

live with my mom yeah

24:47

you hundred oh my goodness

24:49

i'm a lot better in terms

24:52

of the males only i don't guys don't do

24:54

anything once will basically the males

24:56

are constantly circling the most

24:58

because once that pop me it's

25:00

gonna go in l

25:02

reproduce ten pop up it seems

25:05

and and once that happens and the if

25:07

it's if it's terrifying show

25:09

that i mean a happy describe

25:11

a plan

25:12

the give us a dirty

25:14

one thousand content and trigger warnings

25:16

don't normally once once that

25:19

the email it's free the mail would get

25:21

on any that central you were

25:23

the mail well by onto the females

25:26

know so often you seen female is

25:28

with rex know they need

25:30

they tell that the female to skip it's biting

25:32

down on that note and basically

25:34

in itself on a chair sir

25:37

you know pat patted

25:40

strategies

25:41

oh my god

25:43

so once that happens

25:46

the mail just me then you'll probably never see

25:48

to feel i ever again

25:51

like want to file for restraining orders on

25:53

the houses the know otters

25:56

this is not okay yeah if

25:58

not okay i need fences

26:01

like to they have sick refer to the of like

26:03

an extra claw anywhere or

26:05

like me

26:06

the url big so area

26:08

and also the theme us are much smaller than

26:11

than the mail sell their can our defense

26:13

lesson in that regard

26:16

god i want them to evolve a pepper spray

26:18

gland that's horrible

26:21

horrible i want them to go on strike

26:23

and live in their own have their island miller

26:26

get your own or

26:26

now i know i've

26:29

only they cared otherwise yeah like i said

26:31

basically that's the theme of life and they do this

26:33

for maybe like twelve

26:36

fifteen years at the most in the wild

26:38

were basically they just get pregnant

26:40

the time like

26:43

of a lot of times during their lifetime and just

26:45

reproduce and have pop band

26:48

psychologists continues over and over again until

26:50

they die from exhaustion it's

26:52

pretty not

26:53

ah

26:55

what about in captivity

26:57

we have no right obviously to enforce

26:59

any of our

27:01

like assumed ethics sexual ethics

27:03

on otters but in captivity are they like

27:07

i did he did have to let

27:10

the need to be terrible know so

27:12

usually in captivity all the other

27:14

otters that you might see in aquariums are all females

27:16

because a lot of these bigger aquariums there

27:18

so you them latest surrogates for

27:21

wilde otters that might be orphan so like

27:23

the mom and a while hi

27:26

there usually this pop that one or alone

27:28

then there to read and

27:30

i always in california there's been

27:32

a program to basically take these orders

27:35

then and special their female of still the

27:37

ferry gets raised them and tell they can be released

27:40

some in a while when they're old enough

27:42

they they do that in the wild today like

27:44

penguins today adopts

27:47

orphaned otters in the wilds or

27:49

is that kind of unique to captivity

27:51

that's usually you need to captive yeah thing

27:53

i've ever heard a in a situation where wowed

27:55

female would take in it and another stray

27:57

pop and usually if the stray puppies

28:00

my own it's not going to survive for an hour long

28:02

because

28:03

basically defenseless and helpless

28:05

jamie go catches on read by itself though

28:08

i'll just die so

28:10

yeah that way you know like dot on or a

28:12

bear graham really relies on stranding

28:15

networks or like volunteers or or

28:17

people just observing orsino wow

28:19

daughter bites are like a low pop that somebody

28:21

will call it in and nelson our team to

28:24

it and they can't look at their mom

28:26

or something like that

28:27

then i mean they're so cute but now i'm like a little

28:29

mad at the pups to but why are

28:31

they so cute from

28:33

a morphological as someone who's studied

28:36

their bone structure and how long

28:38

noodle they are

28:40

how and why are they so cute the

28:42

as a great question i don't know why

28:44

they are so cute but how it's

28:46

because there's goals are very

28:49

flat faces so if you look at

28:51

a basically a newborn

28:53

the are school it doesn't have that

28:55

now pronounce now yeah i am

28:57

so it's very like a puppy dog face

29:00

or like even like a newborn babies space

29:02

and which i guess

29:03

in our brained it's hard wired him you

29:06

know one it like take it and homemade

29:08

and protected and all that

29:10

side note is called baby scheme

29:12

us and it's went into banal organism

29:14

has a large head and around face and

29:16

big eyes and smaller other features

29:18

like years and snout and mouth and

29:20

fun fact mickey mouse has

29:22

aged in reverse his features

29:24

have grown more baby like with each

29:27

decade and when adults

29:29

retain some cute characteristics

29:31

our brains get confused and say protect

29:34

them at all costs even

29:36

if stay or go off like your tiny

29:39

pieces for him off or as he daughter

29:41

by in terms of why they might

29:43

be like that in the wild i have no

29:45

idea like what what kind

29:47

like their advantage that it's maybe other

29:51

he , skew or maybe them off are

29:53

in other otter into individuals might

29:55

into individuals some kind of selective pressure

29:58

on it by i had no idea

29:59

i'm gonna go back to school

30:01

i'm going to get a phd in

30:04

otters they're so cute because their

30:06

babies are such asshole

30:08

that you would literally not feed them getting hurt

30:11

so cute

30:12

ah can i ask you some questions

30:15

from listeners who know that you can answer

30:17

yet again we're just gonna light iran

30:19

are going to see how many when guess

30:20

it's a cool yeah sounds great

30:23

for we crack into your questions

30:25

are going to toss some coins into an ocean of need

30:28

and chris chose sea otter saudi

30:30

which increases awareness of protecting sea otters

30:32

and encourages responsible viewing

30:35

guidelines and for more about what they do and

30:37

checkout volunteer opportunities c

30:39

c honor savvy dot org and

30:42

savvy has to vs and not

30:44

to eighth and i always mess it up but yes

30:47

donation went to sea otter savvy dot

30:49

org thanks to sponsor this podcast

30:52

is sponsored by better help and so

30:54

is my brain my brain just advertise

30:56

for better help i use it and

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i use it a lot actually i can check in

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31:07

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31:44

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31:54

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31:58

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31:59

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32:02

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32:03

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37:14

your questions the first being from an actual

37:16

patron of the show okay first

37:19

question from very important listener

37:21

name's larry word

37:24

also known as grandpa died around here my

37:26

dad he wanted to know

37:28

he

37:30

his men

37:34

i love

37:36

you may eat camp or do they just

37:39

live in macau

37:40

yeah so otters don't eat the kelp

37:42

a just live in it so they'll you then

37:44

rapid wrap themselves than a tear

37:46

enough stayed one place in their sleep

37:48

been but they really rely on it indirectly

37:51

just because it's such an important ecosystem

37:54

in california where all they're basically

37:56

inverted replay that they're eating live

37:59

off it are

37:59

the under eight or live on it so is

38:02

it really essential to damn indirectly ah

38:05

so it's like their apartment and the grocery store

38:07

all at once exactly yeah end

38:10

up they rarely leave it just because it's nice

38:12

protected area

38:13

the heart of her predators define them

38:15

i'm or the

38:18

meat eaters only they are carnivores right they

38:20

typically just exist on

38:22

the sushi buffet

38:24

yeah they essentially eat your favorite type

38:26

of seafood so you got the or snails or clans

38:29

your muscles or abalone your crab

38:31

then urchin they also eat these

38:33

kind of gross looking thing cause that innkeeper

38:35

worms owner the about a young woman

38:37

yes i have they look like dicks they look like disembodied

38:40

horrible freebie do those listen

38:44

okay listen these worms

38:46

are also called penis i'm

38:49

a fan of the salad now

38:51

that but you have to imagine

38:54

them pokemon up like

38:56

whack him off in the mud just like

38:58

sports are so points and when it's time to go

39:00

potty

39:01

that innkeeper worms scored

39:03

a studies to look history

39:05

the out of one and sometimes

39:09

beaches are littered with see as a

39:11

flaccid worms their beached by

39:13

the thousands like the most surreal

39:16

dump truck accident you've ever seen

39:18

but they're also delicacy and they're

39:20

considered an aphrodisiac

39:22

like most things it's really just set

39:25

and setting they're not as x

39:27

or ask as maybe he would want them to be but

39:29

yeah so fat innkeeper worms and is with their

39:31

com

39:31

yeah so low he does as well

39:34

but most of their prey are usually hard shell

39:36

pray because they they more calories

39:38

ah okay that brings us to question the

39:40

everybody as james neal shakers

39:42

for some question after francesca huggins

39:45

any other less says you herbert

39:47

elisa heading

39:48

the sherwood mariah mcgregor

39:50

everyone wanted to know

39:52

injectors

39:53

where

39:54

is there com anally

39:55

the between otters favorite rocks

39:57

like do most otters use one that

39:59

you're kind of rock do they have a favorite

40:02

rock jamie media wants to know how do they pick

40:04

a lot of people

40:05

need to know what's up with their rocks so

40:09

, his own mess they do not have

40:11

a favorite rock now

40:14

flint lamb busted why

40:16

it's wow okay

40:18

the often these rocks they're pretty big

40:20

and they do have like a little

40:23

i guess you could call it a pocket basis

40:25

a flap of skin that they can keep praying it

40:28

right they're usually too big to

40:30

do that so normally what they do

40:32

they they come up with iraq in their prey

40:34

to put the rock on their belly you've

40:36

ever been able and and break things eat

40:38

the thing

40:39

how many to keep do an hour and basically when they're done

40:41

with iraq they just do a little turn

40:44

the rottweiler down and then they go on

40:46

with their lives yeah wow

40:48

so they don't they don't really have that

40:51

favorite rock i mean they might reuse the rocky

40:53

of it's the only rock that available

40:55

they are just right there in just started go

40:57

back down to get more food and that rock happens to

40:59

be air so they might pick it up again to you this

41:02

but they're definitely not traveling

41:04

around with it

41:06

hilarious i completely thought like

41:08

that a fanny pack and then like where's my

41:10

good rock this rak what

41:12

about you know from like

41:14

a philosophical perspective is that tool

41:16

use or is it only a tool if you use

41:18

the rock to smash the clams and not the clamps

41:21

a smash on the rock you know mean

41:22

yeah i mean know we call it we still call

41:24

it is it two years because it is still you

41:27

know you're still putting an object

41:29

on tier

41:30

jamaican and actually used in in as

41:32

a as a tool essentially to break something open

41:35

and i'll say that water can also use

41:37

other objects as torso sometimes they'll use

41:39

another shell to break open their shell though

41:41

you'd like bottles though even use i

41:43

could docs in people's votes but

41:46

mine likes to break things open

41:48

there you have anything

41:50

now from using tools to being

41:52

tools

41:54

the annual manual wants to know about

41:56

their

41:57

one is we're just we're going to go back to them being terrible

42:00

the are the

42:00

observations a sea otters assaulting

42:04

actually and killing baby

42:06

seals are those com and

42:08

or that exaggerated

42:10

know how common it is but it definitely

42:12

is to a point where multiple observations

42:15

have been doing that so the way

42:17

males territories where it because that the dominant

42:19

male is have territories that you know

42:21

exclude other males from their territories right

42:24

in that kind of competition there's always going to

42:26

be losers and are excluded

42:28

from these territories though

42:30

if they can't have their own territory to meet

42:32

with females

42:33

they just get i guess frustrated

42:35

and find their little baby seal

42:38

to do it's you know to basically

42:40

did i guess and are

42:43

not usually doesn't end well with the seal

42:45

why

42:46

sometimes it doesn't end well even

42:49

for the otters and according to

42:51

the hell scape of a study titled

42:54

patterns of mortality and southern

42:56

sea otters about eleven percent

42:59

of dearly departed sea otters spotted

43:01

by researchers died by

43:03

meeting trauma eleven percent

43:06

and the violence and not just male

43:08

female with insane

43:10

this is boy bottles sea otters

43:12

can also hit below the proverbial anthropomorphizes

43:15

outline what they that's crazy barbies

43:18

mail rebel conflicts is that when

43:20

they fight each other they

43:22

especially go after each other's back

43:24

you'll i'm with in carnivorous

43:27

out there that it can never have

43:29

a a a bone car back to him in or penis

43:32

that a go after each back each other's

43:34

back on to to add like it

43:36

oh pretty rude or out

43:38

there

43:39

how did they learn how to be such

43:42

paul or

43:44

most

43:45

like north american mammals

43:48

the most animals this

43:50

ferocious we're just

43:52

surprised because they're pretty adorable

43:54

assess honestly

43:56

i have no idea how that compares

43:58

the other mammals groups wanted a nice

44:00

thing about the cia that they have

44:02

to come the surface and aegis float so is

44:04

just so easy to get these observations because

44:06

they're off the really close to shore

44:08

like arab we're going to get the detailed information

44:11

whereas like others the more animals

44:13

like really even river otters it's really hard to

44:15

spot them and actually see what they're doing and wildlife

44:17

and wilde said who knows what

44:20

they're doing out there

44:21

weird wacky stuff

44:23

you know it's funny as i just looked an amateur would

44:25

ask i learned on a high school field trip to the zoo

44:27

that mail orders break each other's dicks

44:29

to reduce competition is it's true south

44:31

bay area and the server

44:33

knows what's up there i'm having

44:35

sex once you know can a troupe of dedicated river

44:37

otters really kill an alligator a crocodile

44:40

is that phone for him

44:41

so there's easier cause giant

44:43

river otters in south america in the amazon

44:46

and these things are a little bit longer

44:48

than sea otters and

44:50

if he ever see pictures of these ones

44:53

there are so we're lucky and they are

44:55

another older lineage of otters

44:57

that kind of offshoot from other otters like

44:59

had million years ago or so they

45:01

got really buggy eyes and they got

45:03

their their faces just look at it looks like an alien

45:06

order what these guys are huge and they actually are

45:08

in family unit

45:09

they will actually go ask sometimes

45:11

go after am i came in

45:14

mind our our even reports of them

45:16

like fighting off dried wires

45:18

know which is pretty crazy

45:21

from on this join the poor

45:23

he million other humans who have watched a youtube

45:25

video titled giant otter bite

45:27

jaguar had seriously injured for daring

45:30

to attack it's comrades uploaded

45:32

by user wildlife today and

45:34

this and the other like fourteen

45:36

videos i subsequently watched

45:38

haunt me that a brawl with giant

45:40

river otters sounds a lot like the

45:43

worst game a marco polo

45:57

why who according

45:59

to the

45:59

are airborne vocal communication in

46:02

adult neo tropical waters these creatures

46:04

to have like a menu of sounds they

46:06

make to chit chats from ah ha it's

46:09

like their own personal siren

46:11

to incent babbling and

46:13

something called a hum gradation that that means

46:15

you're burlesque the left for go must to

46:18

direct the group and yes

46:20

some otters have more friends than us but

46:22

let's try to forget that

46:24

i mean by yeah they vanish were those guys

46:26

is that they are in a group setting so

46:28

they have kind of each other's back to try

46:30

to fight off predators

46:32

that might try to attack their young teen

46:34

i do not wanna be on the wrong side

46:37

of an otter vendetta ever will

46:41

, my friends you know it

46:43

try to steer this toward the positive again

46:45

okay my says such a bummer that's

46:47

a bummer but it's imperative find

46:50

a good and we grasp it and we

46:52

clutch at it like of we and

46:54

a cold broiling see and

46:56

we the to bully hug the good

46:58

what about

46:59

the promise and cuteness in a thompson

47:02

more palko nickel climate michelle

47:04

tang becky the sassy seagrass

47:07

scientist pierce franklin say

47:09

all one or know how cute is a get

47:11

pierce wants to know what's the cutest thing

47:13

you've ever seen an otter do a

47:17

bag the cutest thing i've ever seen

47:19

is probably just like is little baby sea otter pop

47:22

that's just floating by itself waiting for his

47:24

mom waiting mean i know it or it told you about

47:26

how just waiting for moms bring up dinner

47:28

century but before that this but

47:31

before by itself like a little court closed

47:33

eyes off fluffy

47:35

and legit look at me and so adorable

47:37

like it's got like ten photographers is around

47:39

like along the coasts or coast time

47:42

take a picture easily me by

47:44

is adorable probably the most gray

47:46

full time i've seen otters ashley

47:48

river otters they actually play

47:50

so like they will swim next

47:53

to each other or like go up and down or just

47:55

run all over the place

47:56

the ip nine river otters by never really

47:58

seen as the otters

47:59

run into you are an and kate tim's

48:02

our know why do they love ice so much

48:04

in case words and runner once you do

48:06

they get cold or the says

48:08

we have otters in our local river in scotland

48:11

and it's magical when you see them but

48:12

oh boy he gets socially

48:14

how do they stay cold and an icy river yeah

48:16

so sea otters have

48:18

the dentist fair i think of all mammals

48:21

so basically sea otters have

48:23

no fat on him whatsoever is that are really relying

48:25

on that dance for

48:27

and it does keep them warm

48:30

super warm so that's why they're able to tolerate

48:32

living in all these freezing frigid environments

48:34

just fine and i would imagine river

48:37

otters the also have similarly dance for

48:39

so that's why they're able to live like scotland

48:41

and all the better called places and play

48:43

in the snow

48:44

that's right sea otters unlike

48:47

most marine mammals

48:48

do not have layers of after this

48:50

is news to me

48:51

and it is also why there for is so soft

48:54

up to a lustrous a hundred and sixty

48:56

five thousand hairs per square

48:58

centimeter eurasian

49:01

river otters about seventy thousand harris

49:03

per square centimeter would a

49:05

species the has fewer friends than

49:08

on earth where we only have one hundred

49:10

and twenty four to two hundred hairs for

49:12

square centimeter talking about the business

49:14

end of one friend just go huggins

49:16

miranda panda bear johnson inspect fell

49:19

all would love to talk about their poop and

49:21

several people want to know what they smell like

49:24

a princess gas princess heard that otter

49:26

poop smells like violent what

49:28

in the otter shit is this true

49:31

why clara says that

49:33

are they went to the zoo and a guide said that otter poop

49:35

is noteworthy but then said nothing

49:37

else so what is

49:39

noteworthy about otter

49:41

i definitely have never heard otter

49:43

poop been described as bio it's i

49:46

, never snowed i've never so

49:49

order poop by i would imagine it smells

49:51

like the were set you could ever smell because they're eating

49:53

seafood by god as good good

49:56

it is and how it is it's how

49:59

i don't think how i want the family were either

50:01

now they're by would magic value the worst

50:03

thing you prefer

50:04

that's what i would think also ah you

50:07

know we had a scatology just on who

50:09

it works with the chicago to do and just has

50:11

x thirteen freezers full of different

50:13

zoo animal shed so i may have to ask her

50:15

but first i asked the inner

50:17

it about the smell of an otter turret

50:19

which is known scientifically as a sprint

50:22

and it can be accompanied by a musky

50:24

gloop known as a nor jellies

50:26

and in craft the website total

50:29

ecology rights when fresh sprint

50:31

amiss a distinct sweet odor that is not at

50:33

all on pleasant and our friend pious

50:35

williams pious williams a science has i us

50:38

on twitter said it's similar to

50:40

the odor asleep hundred and lost of

50:42

dog poop the with

50:44

the sushi ness of their marine diet and doctor

50:46

danny robbie ot author of the bestselling

50:48

book doesn't fart told me it's

50:51

acrid in fishy quote like

50:53

a tin of anchovies an oil were

50:55

left in the sun for four days and

50:57

then a bunch of musky man for few

51:00

was sprayed on top of it as the sun

51:02

it would reason for easter so he that

51:04

described as well as similar to jasmine

51:06

tea other said a herrings

51:09

in an ashtray freshly

51:11

mown hay lavender but

51:13

no one's firsthand account top that

51:15

of gym man thorpe who penned the

51:17

bbc op ed quote the

51:19

delicious cent of otter poo

51:22

which contains this journey of a paragraph

51:24

otter sprint

51:27

is one of the least offensive smells world

51:29

of excrement and as a slightly sissy

51:31

pungent odor it is at

51:33

don't light whenever i see it i

51:35

planned my knees the grass leaned

51:37

over and draw it's delicious

51:40

now into my lungs

51:42

hm i need a sack so

51:44

not opinion so i reached out to scatology

51:46

guest rachel cents more a

51:49

doctor pills and she responded

51:51

with alacrity last

51:53

are writing me quotes otters live

51:56

in around water so the eat fish among

51:58

other aquatic non chronic species

51:59

so water poop can be quite

52:02

simply after reading be delicious

52:04

sense of honor to she writes it seems

52:06

to me that arpu reminds the author of the

52:08

seas think about when you go to the ocean

52:10

and it smells a little fishy and salty smells

52:13

like the ocean a place where you wanna

52:15

be a place that reminds you of summer vacation

52:18

sandcastles bodysurfing with

52:20

your family and relaxing she writes

52:23

she continues so even so honored pool

52:25

is smelly it reminds the author

52:27

the author they like

52:29

they were the one of these fuck

52:30

well as long as it doesn't hurt anyone signed

52:33

your joy cut things texture

52:35

cross on a street

52:38

know what do you do if you would like to

52:40

use different holes in your face to

52:42

experience and honor and he sips on

52:44

seeing them rather than sniffing what

52:47

patrons kate l word sale

52:49

a zinc kelly same in ways which

52:51

and miranda panda of desperately wanted

52:53

otters spider tips

52:54

what about some of the field

52:57

work that you have gotten to do and there

52:59

are several folks are and i'll listen to decide

53:02

who want to know if you have any tips for spotting

53:04

them in the wild do you get to

53:06

get out there was

53:08

you know flee

53:09

and down vast sen binoculars

53:12

and

53:12

there to look for them yes i've done

53:15

out a couple times i'm hours prior

53:17

primarily trying to film their toys in behavior

53:19

so we could try to quantify that can you max behind

53:21

it so i mean i caught it's

53:23

not really any that i guess technically

53:26

field where by it's basically he

53:28

go to the the beads and

53:30

you just have little camping chairs set the camera

53:33

and just hang out there and sell the harder

53:35

that's close enough to fill me

53:37

in our take photos of it and it

53:39

guess california so it's like what like what

53:41

them de de groot sunny day

53:43

can't complain last third

53:46

it's not yeah

53:47

the i as obviously very rough fieldwork

53:50

yeah , us to as a terrible i have you know

53:52

heavily a sandwich or anything or as

53:55

nice cold beverage likes us

53:58

as often i use as

53:59

go it the their chocolate croissant

54:02

i don't like that bad

54:04

they yeah right i'm becky

54:06

the sega scientists again you know becky

54:08

ones

54:09

is a group of otters really called a frolic

54:11

and if not can you make that official

54:14

is that real are they called frolic i've

54:17

never heard of that by i like it it makes

54:19

sense

54:20

okay well then good as called that now

54:22

yeah with they've ever we all just start

54:24

using that oh eventually catch

54:26

on had yeah it's hereby known

54:28

frolic horrible news

54:31

again i'm so sorry we jumped the gun here

54:33

it's already got already name and it's not a frolic

54:36

a group of otters calderon

54:39

inland in the water is called

54:41

of rest and searched for it literally

54:43

hours know we're in the literature

54:45

could i find any mention them

54:48

being the a frolic romp

54:50

goes back to the fourteen hundreds

54:52

when there was a tome called the book of st

54:54

albans and it listed plural noun

54:57

for different animals including let's just

54:59

do it let's list a couple an embarrassment

55:01

of pandas how opossums

55:04

a conspiracy of lemurs the committee

55:06

of mongooses a thunder

55:08

of hippopotamus and many others including

55:11

grumble of pugs perhaps

55:14

lg from having a vertebra stolen but

55:16

nice your writer nicholas lund has

55:18

gone on record and reported know these

55:20

terms are not widely used scientifically

55:23

in our how old they are but romp

55:25

is legit is established if you would

55:27

visit the wikipedia page list

55:29

of animal names i'm telling you right

55:32

now the lead image they have on the page

55:34

is of a sea otter so robidas any

55:37

amelia frank wants to know i owe if you're

55:39

a nice or says about how vital it is that otter

55:41

mom's keep their babies dry but then like

55:43

they hold them on their bellies and there is inevitably

55:46

some flipper tail dropping the water so

55:48

do they have to keep them one hundred percent dry

55:50

because i sounds anxiety provoking amelia says

55:53

see they not get soaked can you

55:55

get it can you get when wet or that like gremlin

55:59

the holy water for your faith in debt where the

56:02

reason why the mob is trying to dry it out it's

56:04

just to conserve he i'm

56:06

it's also cleaning if are so otter

56:08

spam like a third of their life just cleaning

56:10

grameen aren't just the make because the a

56:12

rely on duxford eyes that insulation

56:15

they have to make sure it's clean from

56:17

all actor or debris or whatever to

56:19

make sure it actually functioning so that for

56:22

have been clump up and and exposed skin

56:24

to to cold environment so they really really

56:26

wanna that those paths nice

56:28

and clean and usually it also happened

56:30

to dry mouth

56:31

okay alright so it's not it's different

56:33

i give a drop of water gets on this it's you're

56:36

screwed forever right okay

56:38

they are theaters see ours are born to be

56:40

in the water so i court

56:42

he wants to know if river otters actually have

56:44

a communal toilet to they have like middle

56:47

i think so but don't quote

56:49

me on that way what a river

56:51

otters do a lot though is that dale

56:53

mark territory so they'll are basically

56:57

leave st mark's all over the place

56:59

and they've might go to the same location

57:01

all the time just to make sure that that's the out

57:03

the boundary of their territory so maybe that

57:05

is related to that

57:07

otter parties side note are called

57:09

latrines and they are considered to

57:11

be hang out destinations were

57:13

dude otters catch up in exchange

57:15

information still like walking onto the

57:17

set of two years but instead of

57:19

bruschi is it's too

57:21

also speaking of chilling

57:23

i feel like this isn't appropriate place to inform you that

57:26

and otters done is also called account

57:28

you know what let's talk teeth patrons

57:31

jesse be to see hurlburt and

57:33

even had questions

57:34

i'm a few people wanted to know about their

57:37

chief in his immerse has

57:39

i recently heard an otter chewing i was

57:41

ten feet away across the water and could barely

57:43

believe my ears tell me about their

57:45

purse so orders thoroughly

57:47

sea otter teeth look very similar to

57:49

ours their alister molders it's

57:52

nice and big and flat perfect

57:54

just a crunch thing so often

57:57

if you go to where cr czar endured

57:59

really quite

57:59

you can actually hear them crunching

58:02

on that hard shell and it's as

58:04

a pretty amazing and what super

58:06

cool about those and the cr an adaptation

58:09

that

58:09

that they're enamel on their bowlers

58:12

or actually fracture resistant so maybe

58:14

ball

58:15

he basically be able to sustain all

58:18

of that all that fracture forces from the

58:20

pray that eating to the new imagine if you are trying

58:22

to eat through clamshell

58:24

yeah get spoiled so using

58:26

so back that way

58:28

your dentist to be like thank you what

58:30

makes it fracture resistant they have a ton of people

58:32

and

58:33

start by trying to figure out otter

58:35

teeth so they can make better whenever i'm

58:37

so out of are bad but

58:39

they're definitely people that have looked at

58:41

the material properties of those teeth and

58:43

i don't remember exactly what the kind of minerals

58:45

they have where they don't comparison

58:47

with like ancient humans that had

58:49

much bigger jaws and they are molar

58:52

to crush so sad to see the swell and it's

58:54

very similar

58:55

morphologies and it's pretty pretty

58:57

impressive so they kind of through convergent evolution

58:59

that this type of molders the ball

59:02

to be imperfect pp crushed thing

59:04

he for my nephew can see the

59:06

it's another nine paper and susie

59:09

ethically titled the remarkable resilience

59:11

of tea straight up

59:14

compares the strength of a human molar

59:16

to a sea otters and humans

59:18

max mom load eighty seven

59:20

pounds of bite force but others

59:23

over a hundred more than a cheetah almost

59:26

as much as a was but how

59:28

do sea otter muller's not split

59:31

what are chomping on clam shells oh

59:33

they do they do splits but this

59:35

paper said that their mothers and ours crack

59:38

all the time in micro fisher's

59:40

and then proteins was in

59:42

despair call them but still don't eat

59:44

rocks on the topic of hardness

59:47

what about the hardest thing

59:48

the about your job the hardest thing about being an

59:50

utter all adjust there's gotta be side

59:53

effects on but the spears

59:55

has so many things to learn

59:57

about them is not enough time

59:59

though like we know so much about

1:00:02

the orders are relatively just because

1:00:04

there is easier to study by

1:00:06

in terms of the other otters especially the ones

1:00:08

that are like in asia

1:00:11

or south america those ones

1:00:13

are very are much harder to study

1:00:15

of just because the relocations and custer population

1:00:18

sizes are eat are shrinking or we have

1:00:20

no idea there's actually another

1:00:22

our species down in south

1:00:24

america caught them brain order

1:00:26

it looks like a river otter

1:00:29

when it actually lives in a marine environment

1:00:31

to an id ah sweet

1:00:33

a lot of hard shell pray to

1:00:35

what we haven't barely any idea

1:00:37

like what exactly it's doing what

1:00:39

it's population sizes it

1:00:41

it might not be doing well just because there's not

1:00:44

a lot of work done on mm just in these remote

1:00:46

location

1:00:47

what do you love the most about

1:00:49

them what do you just fall in love with when

1:00:51

it comes to do

1:00:52

if work ah is is there

1:00:54

such interesting era was the

1:00:56

fact that they have this integration

1:00:59

between their toys in behavior

1:01:01

the arab morphologies just unique compared

1:01:03

to other things like this is interesting that

1:01:06

they are able to gain access

1:01:08

to these harder pray one thing i didn't

1:01:10

touch on is that in monterey bay

1:01:13

these otters ashley exhibit dietary specialization

1:01:16

though

1:01:17

them ours will only eat urchins others

1:01:19

well i only clams others won't eat crabs

1:01:21

and so on so part of my research now

1:01:23

is actually trying investigate why

1:01:26

that is or how they're actually able to

1:01:28

eat these different type of prey so how that relating

1:01:30

to the tories and behavior

1:01:32

and how that relating back to their it if variation

1:01:35

in there fighting ability so have been are

1:01:37

some honor she's able to generate larger

1:01:39

bite forces than other otters to that type

1:01:41

of questions that

1:01:42

we're hoping be able to answer soon

1:01:45

that reads know like little pockets

1:01:48

or is it completely

1:01:49

individual like one sister might

1:01:51

be eating urchins while a brothers eating camps

1:01:54

yeah so right now that i

1:01:56

think primarily found just in california

1:01:58

and it goes back to that carrying capacity

1:02:00

so because they're nap population

1:02:03

is limited in terms of our

1:02:05

resources and and food

1:02:07

instead of each individual been a journalist

1:02:09

basically the everything they can get

1:02:11

they just become super specialize and

1:02:15

a really good i eat in a particular

1:02:17

praise the one individual just become

1:02:19

a really good urchin specialists and hung

1:02:21

out and specialist there's a certain way you

1:02:23

have to extract damn certain way have to like

1:02:26

open them and eat them

1:02:27

firstly by guy abalone specialists which

1:02:29

use it completely different behaviors in order

1:02:31

to get the abalone and and

1:02:33

eat it

1:02:34

though they just become these really highly

1:02:37

specialized individuals that really

1:02:39

are able to get access to these different

1:02:41

pray items and do it so well that and

1:02:43

efficiently and that's just the way that they

1:02:45

can increase that collect income this

1:02:48

is becoming just a dallas and eat everything they see

1:02:50

yeah

1:02:51

that's so funny it's it's absolutely me

1:02:53

eating scrambled eggs for dinner like

1:02:55

a spy yeah yeah

1:02:58

i mean well yeah once you once you know how to do it

1:03:00

go for a while learn

1:03:02

something new yeah i love indian someone peaking

1:03:04

through my window thing like nick inuit she's having

1:03:07

to having scrambled eggs for dinner to or

1:03:09

that's the thing with these otters that

1:03:12

in of their nerd their flipper tag

1:03:14

so people can actually id them and

1:03:17

usually the monterey bay aquarium has lots

1:03:19

of volunteers to go out to observe these

1:03:21

orders

1:03:22

daily basis that they're basically if

1:03:24

you're out there they would be tracking how

1:03:26

many eggs city youth how as i saw

1:03:28

the user support how did

1:03:30

you cook your eggs so essentially they are

1:03:32

basically tracking basically and information that are

1:03:34

tracking how many pray and for eating what

1:03:36

kind of prey on the estimated size

1:03:39

of those pray adam where they use tools

1:03:41

were that pray item it's pretty nuts

1:03:43

wow really amazing data i

1:03:45

bet the people who have to

1:03:47

organized the volunteer staff

1:03:49

the monterey bay aquarium famous gets so

1:03:52

many

1:03:53

folks who like it you need at my uni of on here

1:03:55

to watch the i give

1:03:56

available available she says i said

1:03:58

gonna be a long list yeah i mean

1:04:02

who , wanna spend a nice nice

1:04:04

morning hanging out by the coast and watching

1:04:06

some sea otters eat eat your dinner

1:04:09

either breakfasts i mean yeah we'll meanwhile

1:04:11

someone's watching you being like doctor laws

1:04:13

having another chocolate croissant we

1:04:15

don't know what what

1:04:18

media the ours guitar would be just watch me that

1:04:21

i hope the eyes of thank you so

1:04:23

of thank on this is a joy

1:04:26

yeah i

1:04:28

otters more than i thought

1:04:29

yeah the third

1:04:31

that way having me on

1:04:35

so ask smart people shameless

1:04:38

questions as always and then just sit back and

1:04:40

real in horror you can follow

1:04:42

dr chris law on twitter at chris underscore

1:04:45

j underscore law and you can

1:04:47

enjoy otters from a distance can

1:04:49

try them on line if you sniff

1:04:51

a sprain i'd like to hear about it i

1:04:53

just i dunno if i do on actually i

1:04:55

do want to hear about it i do want to hear about were at

1:04:57

allergies on twitter and instagram

1:04:59

i'm at ali word with one l on both

1:05:02

allergies march dot com has bucket hats has

1:05:04

t-shirts to it's bathing suits all

1:05:07

available if you happen to get one hashtag

1:05:09

allergies merch and pictures and will

1:05:11

repost you also think he'd every patron

1:05:13

who makes the show possible if you try dot com

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and then you can submit questions thank you to air and

1:05:20

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1:05:22

group with assist from bunny dutch enchanting photos

1:05:24

of the comedy podcast you are that thank

1:05:26

you know i'll do worth for all the scheduling so

1:05:28

much help a susan hail handles

1:05:30

merch handles so much more thank you to the

1:05:33

rodriguez thomas and mercedes maitland

1:05:35

of mine gem media for making small into his

1:05:37

episodes which are classroom friendly

1:05:39

feel free short versions of classics

1:05:42

up for free in the feed and it

1:05:44

only were dot com seismology com seismology

1:05:46

weight of the word remix our professional transcripts

1:05:48

and caleb patent bleeps episodes those

1:05:51

are available for free on our website at alley where dot com

1:05:53

slash apologies dash extras county

1:05:55

are dwyer makes the website and can make yours

1:05:57

nick thorburn made the theme music and

1:06:00

in western id quite handsome writer

1:06:02

and published poet dirt

1:06:04

sleeper who just debuted his first

1:06:07

ever book is called one hundred poems

1:06:09

and putting a link the shown us to it's because

1:06:11

he has a gorgeous beautiful brain

1:06:14

that strings scanner words so well

1:06:16

one hundred homes major sleeper i'm so thrilled

1:06:19

about it i literally to cry listen

1:06:22

to be an episode inherently secret and this

1:06:25

week at that we fought off coven

1:06:27

that good i'm still back no way

1:06:29

for little bit my dad

1:06:32

was feeling stronger and we're discovering to much

1:06:34

i'm in the last few weeks and maybe

1:06:36

even the most anxiety i maybe have ever tell

1:06:39

mls but we're taking it day by day i'm

1:06:42

i've also taken also pickle ball and

1:06:44

by that i mean i've played at one time and

1:06:46

time liked it it's kind of like outdoor ping

1:06:48

pong but pong us small tennis courts

1:06:51

and with and wiffle ball and it makes

1:06:53

it makes satisfying slacks out of

1:06:55

so my dear friend and a recent l

1:06:57

a transplant colin perry from the

1:06:59

senate holiday episode started

1:07:01

in north east l a pickle ball club so

1:07:04

i look forward to relishing my

1:07:06

future opponents to see

1:07:07

and you

1:07:10

but living

1:07:12

right

1:07:31

what are we looking at all of a sea otters

1:07:34

six , them if they

1:07:36

go towards the bottom they get a stone and they good and they

1:07:38

bomb they get a seashell come in the smash

1:07:40

in cell with the stone that up above about

1:07:43

government