0:00

romulus and remus blue

0:03

this is betty and i'm

0:05

here with a story about the foundation

0:07

of the great city of rome

0:09

the story has some elements

0:14

of a fairy tale you

0:16

can decide for pots

0:18

are true and which box, i

0:21

might be miss once

0:26

upon a time, about 2,800

0:30

years ago, there was a city

0:32

in italy called alba

0:34

longa its

0:36

name means white

0:37

i and long the

0:41

king of alba longa was cooled numitor,

0:44

and his brother was a moody has

0:46

noah moody has thought

0:48

that he could do a better job as

0:50

king the new metal was managing

0:53

so, one day he gathered

0:55

together, some rough men invaded,

0:57

the palace, and drag,

1:00

numitorul off his throne after

1:03

that, the wasn't much

1:05

brotherly, love between numitor

1:07

and amelia's sometime

1:10

later the daughter of numitor sylvia,

1:13

gave birth to twin

1:15

boys?

1:16

some say that the father of those

1:18

boys was mars, the

1:20

god of war at

1:22

any rate, the tiny babies

1:25

with destined to achieve great

1:27

things when

1:30

a movie as heard about his brothers new

1:32

grandchildren the was

1:34

afraid at one day

1:36

wonder boys were grown into men

1:38

they would take revenge on him it

1:42

, better to act sooner rather

1:44

than later so he ordered and

1:46

oh servant to take the babies

1:49

from them other other

1:51

man did not like these orders

1:53

but he did as he was toned

1:56

he put the babies in babies basket and

1:58

took them down to them

1:59

at the time

2:02

it's been raining for several weeks

2:04

and the tiber had overflown bank

2:07

when the servant set the basket

2:10

down in the flood water he watched

2:12

it float off downstream

2:15

until it hit a stone and

2:17

overturn the babies

2:19

were shipped out into the mud where

2:21

they lay wallowing and crying

2:25

the service sells says well up

2:27

in his eyes at the pathetic site

2:32

through his blurry gaze [unk]

2:35

, vu from behind

2:37

victory and look down

2:40

to the twin the

2:42

urban thought that this wild animal

2:45

would surely bring a sudden end

2:47

to the story but

2:49

, of eating the children

2:52

were doing them any harm harm

2:54

move it to the mud

2:56

awesome

2:59

no she gently picked up the

3:01

children in her mouth one ,

3:03

one one carried them off

3:05

to her to in

3:07

fact that then fact civilized

3:10

indeed some shepherd spotted

3:13

the infant playing with the woof

3:15

cops and they saw the mother

3:17

would feed the baby mother

3:19

her own milk and then

3:22

they watched in amazement as

3:25

amazement woodpecker popped berries into

3:27

the young ones mouth

3:31

when the mother wolf was away from the cave

3:33

the shepherds takes out the twins and

3:36

whisked them away taking them

3:38

to a couple who had recently lost

3:40

a child husband

3:42

and wife named the twins romulus

3:44

and remus and brought them up as their own

3:47

inside their humble hut sticks

3:50

and reads when romulus

3:52

and remus grew up to be strong

3:55

the lads they worked as herdsmen

3:57

and looked after animals

4:00

sometimes they got into fights with

4:02

other herdsmen of a quarrels

4:04

like which don't belong

4:06

to who though which

4:09

part of the hill they could feed the animals

4:11

on and so on and so on it

4:14

was quite a bit of rivalries and

4:16

one day when they were on their way

4:18

to a festival of the god pants

4:21

a band of herdsman attacked them and

4:23

captured remus they

4:26

dragged remus off to the court of

4:28

king and muhly us where

4:30

they accused him of stealing

4:32

one of their goats munoz

4:35

asked remus some questions about

4:37

where he came from and who his parents

4:40

were remus told

4:42

the king his story that he had

4:44

a twin brother the had both

4:46

been abandoned and then rescued

4:49

by woof when

4:52

a movie is heard this he

4:54

immediately suspected that remus

4:57

was one of the twins that he

4:59

had ordered to be drowned eighteen

5:01

years beforehand he

5:04

threw remus into jail while

5:07

this was going on romulus

5:09

was busy gathering up a band

5:12

of men they soon attacked

5:14

the palace rescued remus

5:17

and killed and muhly us of

5:19

course they were stored their grandfather new

5:22

me to to his rightful position

5:24

as king of alba longer now

5:27

the boys learned who they really were

5:30

romulus and remus decided

5:32

to found a new city which

5:34

, was sure would grow into something

5:37

quite magnificent after

5:40

all they had the backing of the gods

5:43

romulus chose the palatine

5:46

hill the ideal spot

5:48

to found the city remus

5:51

, his eye on another hill called the

5:53

f in time unfortunately

5:56

the brothers began to quarrel about

5:59

which was the bed hill for the city

6:02

but in truth they were

6:04

really arguing about who was

6:06

going to make the decisions and

6:08

be the king

6:12

eventually they decided to settle

6:15

the quarrel by looking for a sign

6:17

from the gods called an omen

6:20

one , powerful omen could be

6:22

found in the flight of birds

6:25

so romulus and remus

6:28

agreed that each with stand on

6:30

their favorite tail and the

6:32

one who saw an impressive flight

6:34

to birds would win the

6:36

contest of

6:38

course a god would stand with

6:40

each of them to make sure that there was

6:43

no cheating

6:49

at the crack of dawn on the appointed

6:51

morning romulus stood

6:53

on the palatine hill and

6:55

, stood on the urban time

6:57

his romulus

6:59

searched the skin they

7:02

seem to be empty of all birds

7:05

he began to worry that his brother

7:07

remus would spot of flight

7:10

of birds before him so

7:12

he decided to play a trick the

7:15

center servant to fetch

7:17

remus and distract him from

7:19

his task while

7:22

the messenger was still on his way

7:25

remus source six vote

7:27

tears

7:31

was clear sign of good luck

7:34

remus received

7:36

the message and went over to romulus

7:38

on the other hill when he

7:40

arrived he said

7:42

the i've seen six

7:44

both to is flying from the right

7:47

what have you seen

7:49

and romulus admitted

7:51

not thing

7:53

but just then twelve

7:55

vultures appeared in

7:59

there's many birds as you've seen it's

8:02

obvious the gods have shown

8:04

me to be the winner

8:06

remus of course felt cheated

8:09

and argued back the ,

8:12

had settled precisely

8:15

nothing

8:16

regardless romulus

8:18

pressed ahead with his plans to

8:21

build a new shining

8:23

city the palatine hill

8:26

first he offered a prayer

8:28

to the gods

8:30

no to jupiter father

8:33

mars

8:34

mother pastor and

8:36

, you got to watch over

8:39

us us down

8:41

on my city may

8:43

at last long and may

8:45

it room though

8:49

jupiter ousted romulus is prayer

8:51

with lightning and thunder delighted

8:55

by this reply the followers of

8:57

romulus let out a great

8:59

cheer

9:05

then romulus ordered a man with

9:07

a plow and an oxen

9:10

the dig a trench in a great square

9:12

around the hill this

9:15

trend smoked out the lines of the wolves

9:18

and then then began to

9:20

lay the stones that first

9:22

the wolves were not particularly high

9:25

and romulus ordered a trusted soldier

9:28

keller to god the building site

9:30

and make sure that nobody stole

9:33

any bricks or did any home

9:35

to the wolves when

9:37

remus came to see the progress

9:40

he mocked the work saying

9:43

will people be safe behind those

9:46

uni walls look they're

9:48

really tiny to

9:50

, his point he began to jump

9:52

over the walls in the most insulting

9:55

fasten in fact the word

9:57

insults originally means

9:59

to jail over kinda grew

10:01

angry and sit remus with a spade

10:07

and unfortunately he killed

10:09

him

10:11

and so

10:12

the city of rome was built on

10:15

a tragic quarrel between two

10:17

brothers but

10:19

we can say that romulus was

10:21

the first king of rome

10:25

it is said that he founded the city the

10:28

twenty first of april seven

10:30

five three

10:31

the

10:33

romulus set up many of

10:35

the symbols of roman kingship including

10:38

a purple toga that was worn

10:40

by the king alone and

10:42

, bundle of sticks to fast keys

10:45

that the king carried the also

10:47

created some of the institutions

10:49

of rome including a council of

10:51

elders cool the

10:53

senate rome

10:55

expanded into avast city

10:58

but even as the streets and the buildings

11:00

grew up the romans always preserve

11:02

the cave where the she wolf looked

11:05

after romulus and remus and

11:08

there was there was in the forum of

11:10

the woof and the baby twins

11:13

at one stage lightning struck

11:15

the poor of the statue and

11:18

if you visit rome you

11:20

, see the bronze statue

11:22

of the wolf wolf of the

11:25

baby romulus and remus in

11:27

the museum on the

11:29

palatine hill and

11:32

that was the story of romulus

11:34

and remus in

11:36

, moment i'll be bringing you another

11:38

legend or perhaps history

11:41

from the early days of rome rome

11:43

about a bad roman king cole tarquin

11:46

yes and about a roman hero

11:48

called for race for but

11:50

first let's hear from a fantastic

11:53

and educational sponsor out

11:55

school snow

11:58

here in england it's really hot sweltering

12:01

to be honest and , a reminder

12:03

that summer as well and truly arrived

12:06

the kids break up from school in the uk

12:09

a little bit later than in

12:11

the us but we're really thinking

12:13

what are we going to do with them

12:16

well one of our favorite solutions for this

12:18

very problem is out school

12:22

out school provides you with a wealth

12:24

of online classes and

12:26

, can tell you that it's really do love them i

12:29

think one of the things they really enjoy is

12:31

taking part taking these online classes

12:33

with children from oh

12:35

the parts of the world it's it's really

12:37

fun actually and it's kind of inspiring

12:40

and , teachers a very good and the classes

12:43

are very well structured and well thought

12:45

through through classes are about

12:47

an hour and their time really well spent

12:50

a children really enjoy them they look forward

12:52

to them and they really learn really

12:55

and in these times what's really important is

12:57

that they is affordable it's much

12:59

more affordable than getting a tutor

13:02

so you can learn some quite serious stuff like

13:04

maths or a language and

13:06

you can learn things to

13:08

the perhaps a bit more fun there's a mythology class

13:11

for instance the tied into minecraft

13:13

i think into pretty popular there are also

13:15

classes on there skills on science

13:18

an acting on the art

13:21

classes are really popular with our family

13:23

writing of course is another one spelling

13:27

the it really has is class for everything looked

13:29

at checkout has a it is the solution

13:32

to finding some educational

13:34

and stimulating and fun time for your educational

13:36

i promise you won't regret it out

13:39

school will have your kids loving

13:41

to learn and having fun doing

13:43

it head over to out school

13:45

dot com forward slash story

13:48

nori and use code story

13:50

nori to learn all about out schools

13:52

summer programs and to save

13:55

fifteen dollars of your child's first

13:57

cloth that's out school

13:59

oh new t s c h o

14:02

l dot com slash story

14:04

nori to save fifteen

14:06

dollars on your child's first class

14:09

out , dot com slash story

14:11

nori code story

14:14

nouri [unk] now let's travel

14:16

back to ancient times to five

14:18

hundred years bc what

14:20

, happening in the world two and a half

14:23

thousand years ago ago

14:25

in china a famous general cool soon

14:27

soon was winning was he

14:29

wrote a book called the art of war which has

14:31

come down to us to to day

14:34

his main idea was to spend as

14:36

little energy and forces possible

14:39

to win a war instead of fighting

14:41

for example he suggested using

14:43

spies or sieges or deception

14:47

and the chinese philosopher and politician

14:50

confucius was alive two thousand

14:52

five hundred years ago he had

14:54

many famous sayings for example everything

14:57

, beauty but not everyone sees

14:59

it and his wisdom guides

15:02

millions of people especially in asia

15:04

to this day and

15:07

around two thousand and five hundred years ago

15:09

in the middle east the persian

15:11

empire that would be iran these days

15:13

was growing ever richer and stronger

15:17

and the empress darrius was on

15:19

the throne the later try to

15:21

conquer greece failed

15:24

and one of the greek cities athens was

15:26

evolving into a democracy into which

15:28

people had the right to vote which

15:30

was a novel idea back then and

15:34

a similar idea was growing up in rome

15:37

as we sell here because

15:39

in this story we are focused on room

15:42

the city in italy which was still

15:44

young but which was destined

15:46

to have an extraordinary empire

15:49

i'm going to be telling stories about

15:51

how rome got rid of it's

15:53

kings and became and republic

15:56

and the yes five o nine b

15:58

c i think our american

16:00

listeners will see some parallels with their own

16:03

history as

16:05

we heard before the founder on first

16:07

king of rome was romulus when

16:09

romulus died the senate saw

16:12

council of wise old men chose

16:14

a new king and , that

16:16

was seven kings of rome over a period

16:18

of about two hundred and sixty years

16:21

at first the kings ruled wisely

16:24

each new king was a little more arrogant

16:26

selfish and greedy than the one

16:28

before eventually

16:31

, talk when he is superb

16:33

us seized power and the yes

16:35

cyber nine be seats by means

16:37

of murder and foul play

16:40

the roman citizens particularly hated

16:42

talk when yes and his family including

16:45

his wife and sons both of whom

16:47

were accused of horrible crimes

16:50

the following anecdote may or may not be

16:52

true but it's final the same so i'll

16:54

tell it to you when

16:56

the sons of talk when talk when traveled to greece

16:59

that causes unluckiest brutus went with

17:01

them the group visited

17:03

the oracle of delphi where

17:06

the priestess claimed that she

17:08

could see the future but

17:10

, normally spoken riddles which

17:12

made it hard to understand what she

17:14

actually meant meant also

17:16

made it hard to prove that she was wrong

17:19

well the sons of talk queen has asked

17:22

the oracle of delphi which of them

17:24

would be them next king of rome

17:28

she answered that the first among them

17:30

to kiss their mother would

17:32

be the next king now

17:34

brutus was only a cousin

17:37

but he had ambitions to and

17:39

he decided the the article

17:42

was referring to mother earth

17:44

or gay the on the way

17:46

out he pretended to trip on

17:48

a stone and when he fell he

17:51

kissed the ground he

17:53

thought that by kissing mother earth he

17:56

would become the eight king of rome

17:59

but that's not quite what happened

18:02

in fact

18:03

history mostly makes out the brutus

18:05

stood against the whole idea

18:08

of kings anyway as a said it

18:10

was a nice story when

18:12

, return to rome king tarquin

18:14

yes was away fighting a war against

18:17

arrival cities cities

18:19

went into the forum which was the

18:21

busy marketplace of rome and gave a speech

18:24

urging the people to take power and

18:26

make sure that the wicked king never

18:28

came back came , rose

18:30

up sees the palace and bought the gates

18:33

of the city so that talk when yes

18:35

could not return however

18:38

brutus did not take the opportunity

18:41

to make himself king of rome

18:44

instead , asked every roman to take

18:46

an oath swearing never to allow

18:48

anyone to be king of rome again

18:51

the oath of brutus went something like

18:54

this

18:55

where where the gods

18:57

and with all of you as my witnesses

19:00

who use sword fire

19:03

and any means to prevent tuck when

19:06

he asks for any member of is wicked

19:08

family or any other

19:10

human being from ruling

19:12

rome as teaching

19:14

never again

19:16

brutus declared that rome would

19:18

be a republic which is a state

19:21

without a kings instead

19:23

the senate followed by a vote of

19:25

the people chose to lead has

19:27

cooled councils to jointly govern

19:30

room for one year the

19:32

and at the end of that year they would choose

19:34

to more people to be cancelled

19:37

the birth councils of rome where brutus

19:40

and valeri us that

19:42

when they were elected the seat of

19:44

rome was far from certain

19:46

talk , he is gathered an army and for

19:49

back back the battle

19:51

between the forces of the new republic and

19:53

those of the former king brutus

19:57

led the cavalry for the republican side

19:59

and in the midst of the battle seashell

20:02

stayed with one of so quinn has his sons

20:05

they both charged at each other

20:07

on horseback and killed

20:10

one another with their lances

20:12

eventually the romans one the day

20:15

and pushed the forces of tuck when yes back

20:17

for now when the

20:19

one surviving console valeria return

20:22

to rome he held a magnificent

20:24

funeral for brutus the

20:26

said to the women of rome mourned

20:29

brutus for an entire year

20:32

more , of his honor honor

20:34

bravery than his lox

20:37

four hundred and fifty years later years descendant

20:39

of brutus became equally famous

20:42

when became equally part in the assassination

20:44

of julius caesar who wanted

20:46

to end the republic and become

20:48

a dictator of ram but

20:51

tarquin yes was no quitter he

20:54

joined forces with the etruscans from

20:56

northern italy and thirteen alas

20:58

poor saner first

21:01

, all laws pull santa sent messages

21:03

to rome with demands to take talk

21:05

when he is back as their king when

21:08

the romans refused he declared

21:10

war on them at first

21:12

it seemed that the etruscans had the stronger

21:14

army the romans retreated

21:16

back across the river tiber which

21:19

was their main line of defense the

21:22

way across the tiber was over

21:24

a wooden bridge the

21:26

romans needed to destroy it to

21:28

prevent the etruscans following them

21:31

according to a same a story

21:33

a soldier called racist stood

21:36

on the bridge over the river tiber guarding

21:38

it against the entire etruscan

21:41

army racist was

21:43

a fierce soldier who had lost

21:46

an eye and battle and his

21:48

friends called him cyclops after

21:50

the race of one i giants this

21:53

horatius single handedly

21:56

fought off the etruscans while

21:58

to of his fellow soldiers we're

22:00

working to cut down the bridge when

22:03

eventually the bridge began to wobble

22:05

and then collapsed races

22:09

guidance the river still wearing his

22:11

arms the etruscans range

22:14

spears down on him and one

22:16

wounded him in the process but

22:18

somehow he managed to swim

22:20

ashore and to survive the

22:23

inspirational story of horatio's

22:26

courage lived on even

22:28

after the fall of rome when

22:30

britain's most famous prime minister winston

22:32

churchill was young he learned an

22:35

epic poem about this incident

22:37

the heart

22:39

the young churchill was not particularly

22:41

good at school lessons but he managed

22:44

to impress his teachers by reciting

22:46

that a poem in front of the school this

22:49

memory and this poem may

22:51

have influenced churchill later

22:54

on when he was prime minister during

22:56

britain's darkest hour and world war

22:58

two judge , made some

23:00

same as speeches inspiring the british

23:02

people to stand firm and

23:05

keep their courage up and

23:08

you can see why i will

23:10

read a few lines from

23:12

her races at the bridge by thomas

23:15

paddington mccauley

23:17

it out spoke brave her race

23:19

yes captain of the gates

23:22

whoever a man upon this earth

23:25

that com us soon or

23:27

late

23:28

on how can a man die

23:30

better

23:32

facing fearful odds the

23:34

ashes of his father's

23:37

the temples of his gods

23:39

ha down birth rates

23:41

are console

23:43

it all a speed you may

23:45

i with two more to help

23:47

me well holes or foe in

23:49

play

23:51

in yawn straight path

23:53

a thousand may well be stopped

23:55

by three

23:57

now who will stand on either

23:59

hand

23:59

the on keep the bridge with me

24:04

in this episode of story

24:06

nori we heard quite a bit of roman

24:08

history and legend here's

24:10

, quick reminder we learned how romulus

24:12

and remus were abandoned as babies

24:14

and adopted by woof woof

24:17

went on to found the city of rome and he became

24:19

it's first king there were seven

24:21

kings in all in the last talk when he a

24:23

superb us was a cool and arrogant

24:25

ruler it's a noble roman

24:27

called brutus over through him and

24:30

the romans swore that they would never be ruled

24:32

by kings again instead

24:34

they became a republic of it like

24:36

a modern united states

24:39

but tarquin yes the deposed

24:41

king fought back with the help of

24:43

the of brutus was

24:46

killed in the first battle with the etruscans

24:48

then an etruscan tinkle last

24:50

pacino attacks rome and

24:53

heroes yes held the invaders

24:55

off at invaders bridge there

24:57

are some more heroic stories about the

24:59

founding of ram a one day i'll return

25:02

one tell them but next week i

25:04

very much hope that john of will be back with

25:06

the next episode in our the that dutch

25:08

hotel and don't forget

25:10

if you're looking for something to occupy the

25:12

kids this summer try

25:15

out occupy at

25:17

school dot com forward slash story

25:19

nor a for your special offer