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radio

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podcast

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hello and

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welcome to your debts and even bigger for

0:52

comedy podcast the takes history seriously

0:54

my name is greg jenna i may public historian

0:56

or from broadcaster i was the chief nerd

0:59

on the bbc comedy so horrible histories and

1:01

today we are taking a trip back to seventeen

1:03

cents released africa or learn all

1:06

about the warrior queen who resisted portuguese

1:08

colonial rule for decades that ,

1:10

the inimitable thinking got of in don't go

1:12

and my humble and word of warning

1:15

this is not a jolly episode there will

1:17

be some cops and morning for violence and

1:19

self harm ahead we will give you those

1:21

at the right times times let

1:23

me introduce my guests in history

1:25

corner is an associate professor of lisa

1:27

hispanic studies and director of the black

1:29

that program at middlebury college in for

1:31

months usa and he's the author

1:34

of anti empire the colonial interventions

1:36

and lucifer litigious is doctor daniel

1:38

as silva welcome daniel out to

1:40

thank you so much greg it's it's amazing

1:42

to be on the program i just wanna clarify

1:45

for listeners rupert i am not daniel

1:47

silver the spy thriller novelist

1:50

ah novelist totally different people

1:52

as i get it all the time and all should

1:55

even try to claim his books or to get bigger

1:57

raises of mine said success but ah

1:59

of half my jokes way about thirty four

2:01

pp case and various other bond

2:04

related ponds netminder find a guy in

2:06

comedy corner she's an award winning comedian and

2:08

writer of hurt her loads on bbc radio

2:10

four including on the news quiz and her new show

2:12

with alley official the and are open

2:15

you may have seen her a mock the week or

2:17

heard her on the guilty feminist and you've deafening remember

2:19

her some our previous episodes on the

2:21

haitian revolution and mansa musa

2:24

it's authentic have any welcome back athena

2:26

right here and thank you for not giving mix that with

2:28

the goddess on

2:28

that may be mixed up for the greek

2:30

god i i saw him through your paint i knew

2:33

that i are theater make something up services and

2:35

all icon on just a human being made

2:37

a flesh and blood as i stand by going to die

2:39

for me that the necessary for something better

2:42

than , we've loved every on the put the full

2:45

use of rights to my old job horrible histories

2:47

so i'm especially now that declaring

2:49

you lot of asked one

2:51

of us your history nerd right officially of

2:53

a bad outcome for through those

2:56

has to be and anything historical if i i i

2:58

won't belabor without the knowledge receive it

3:00

is not the way is that away twenty twenty two we

3:02

want labeled when they knowledge said that that's great

3:04

assess assess er i am

3:07

what do you know about into got of in don't go

3:09

and with somebody ever heard of her i've

3:11

never heard of a and the only thing i

3:13

never angola as i thought they invented non

3:15

those and then i was told it wasn't them

3:18

so terribly terribly

3:20

embarrassed by not an hour in

3:22

anything if i will say very excited

3:24

about coming out of this

3:26

read more yeah that's the whole idea

3:28

of on the show i mean i had never heard of aren't

3:30

had a couple years ago so only be learning

3:32

plenty as well we got professor daniel said the

3:34

help throat

3:40

like

3:42

that bring something to the so what do you know that is

3:44

the section where i had a go at guessing what all loving

3:46

listener might know about the day subjects and

3:48

i'm guessing that we're all in a similar

3:51

position to athena we'd probably

3:53

don't know anything it's hold perhaps if

3:55

you're an african history buff or few a really

3:57

clued up on colonial history you may know

3:59

that she they heroic figure in modern

4:01

and goler and , one of

4:03

history's most formidable queens they're awesome doesn't

4:05

see things on the internet throughout the quite kinda in

4:08

twenty thirteen unesco added inching

4:10

got to the list of notable women leaders

4:12

in africa but she was a contemporary of

4:14

elizabeth first of england and arraigned

4:17

for for decades which doesn't get any of the glitz and

4:19

glamour of lizzie and if

4:21

you were to read the european or western

4:23

stories of her we would learn that

4:25

she's that bloodthirsty warlord and warlord cold

4:28

hearted cannibal kind

4:30

of intimidating language to ,

4:32

would we know for sure about her are the stories

4:35

sad and what else can we tell about a

4:37

queen injuring his tumultuous life life

4:39

how did she defy portuguese colonial

4:42

occupies the so long let's

4:44

find out rights daniel where

4:47

is in don't go i'm guessing and goes

4:49

up and what sort of world

4:51

politically speaking is is she born into engender

4:54

so , dover was the kingdom

4:56

in southern central africa what is now

4:58

part of northern angola zynga

5:01

was born and fifteen eighty two

5:03

but understand her but understand story

5:05

we have to understand the preceding century

5:08

and the wider region

5:09

the around fourteen eighty three or

5:12

the foresees arrived in central

5:14

africa and their first target was

5:16

a huge region of congo which covered

5:18

around thirty three thousand square miles

5:21

and , with within a decade it became

5:24

a catholic priest and state but

5:26

crucially both the european invaders

5:28

and the king of congo a phone

5:30

so the first now was baptized

5:33

name name engaged in the

5:35

trading have enslaved people to sustain

5:37

their various wars until eventually

5:40

mass enslavement became the very

5:42

point of these wars and this

5:44

vicious circle met that by the time

5:46

zynga was born and fifteen eighty two

5:49

enslavement and the real threat of european

5:51

invasion were firmly embedded

5:53

in the politics structures and

5:56

economies of multiple african

5:58

states including and don't

5:59

which was at that time the second largest

6:02

in central africa so what

6:04

is the situation with enslavement is it

6:06

a novelty this been brought

6:08

white europeans is it something that was already

6:11

what happened society but has been ramps

6:13

up

6:14

yes enslavement existed

6:16

before european colonialism but

6:18

we have to further nuance that as

6:20

well so starting around fourteen

6:23

forty one the portuguese initiated

6:25

the transatlantic slave trade throughout

6:27

the coast of west africa the trade

6:30

of course then became then basis of basis globalized

6:32

economy based economy and slave labor

6:35

for the extraction of raw materials are making

6:37

of commodities etc while

6:40

african states participated in

6:42

the slave trade this was mainly

6:44

a way of maintaining sovereignty in

6:47

the face of colonial encroachment

6:49

i think people have always been currency

6:51

the hit the history of everywhere like there

6:53

are so many countless examples of

6:55

of people value in the lives of their own citizens

6:58

and this a be another example

7:00

of that and it becomes a case of

7:02

em the ends justify the means and

7:04

we have the we have to contextualize that

7:07

and understand it because we can't

7:09

always see this is of the your friends

7:11

went to africa and eight that they were so powerful

7:13

and seven he i was just of away was

7:16

always that that that case as i would there

7:18

was corporation and participation and

7:20

that's that's fair to say because it's true yeah

7:22

african states does not benefit from slavery

7:25

anywhere near as much

7:27

as european colonial projects did

7:30

and , african states the sam of enslavement

7:33

was not a race will endeavour like

7:35

it was for europeans are who

7:37

place notions of inferiority and

7:39

exploit ability on the skin color

7:42

and us elaborated different systems of

7:44

racial classification and hierarchy

7:47

through enslavement enslavement six

7:49

seven years before ginger is born her

7:51

grandfather things need to send the

7:54

send , to power in in don't

7:56

go and he made the has to face the

7:58

portuguese incursions into his

7:59

lands these invasions but let's focus

8:02

just the now and on aging or herself when

8:04

she's born issue the latest in a long line

8:06

of glorious royals actually it's it's

8:08

not a long line at all

8:11

and don't know was quite a young

8:13

state founded in about fifteen

8:15

fifteen buying go lucky laws

8:17

wiki a somber the goal of being

8:20

the team boon the word for for ruler

8:22

and the people in that state were the

8:25

in boone do people using his grandfather

8:27

was in go lucky longbow tier cassandra

8:30

or cassandra the man who first

8:32

face the portuguese invasion and

8:34

her dad was in bond they are angola

8:37

oh yeah she was born into an impressive

8:39

when he is also her birth

8:42

was pretty dramatic according

8:44

to a biographical story she was born

8:46

in the breech position

8:48

with her face upturned than what's or umbilical

8:50

cord wrapped around her neck

8:52

then and boon to believe so that

8:54

a baby born in this so called

8:56

unnatural manner would be

8:59

extraordinary or would possess rare

9:01

gifts so fittingly

9:03

and bondi named his daughter zynga

9:06

from the team boom the root word who zynga

9:08

which means to twist to turn or

9:10

to wrap around lattice

9:12

this is named after the coding

9:15

wrapped around her neck

9:17

they expected have powers

9:19

athena you'll named after got as we've

9:21

already heard were you born with powers

9:24

are you are that the edgewise i

9:26

i can confirm that you

9:28

grow into a name say sorry

9:30

for

9:30

they're not they're called gary glitter

9:33

glue into a gary and that's all your parents

9:36

a however i mean that's a wonderful story

9:39

is really good way of

9:40

good positively

9:41

about what is like an awful experience

9:44

my to timothy childbirth and i wish i

9:46

twisted it by neighbor much held something

9:48

positive really it's threat to the as i'm

9:50

still bitter about if i'm honest but that

9:52

will that will make you just tell your

9:54

child see special a nudist of

9:56

at siggraph the on special i'm going to lead a

9:59

nation and and

9:59

culmination so the engine guys

10:02

born into a royal family

10:04

but in terms of the family dynamics daniel that

10:07

a close knit family is everyone you know and

10:09

the same team or are we talking here

10:11

about a rival factions

10:13

within the cause

10:14

not quite close knit the ruler

10:17

or the end goal or resided in an area

10:19

called the cabal so along

10:21

with says wider family and it

10:23

was a patriarchal patrilineal

10:25

society and portuguese diplomatic

10:27

records from fifteen sixty

10:30

ah described the ruler at the time as

10:33

having more than seventy children and

10:35

four hundred wives and concubines

10:38

wow okay this is from colonial

10:40

documents so take it with a grain

10:42

or ten of salt and

10:44

so apparently it wasn't all one big happy

10:46

family and competition between

10:48

rival factions was indeed and

10:51

insistence asserting his father

10:53

and bond they are angola he

10:55

was already an older man with a large household

10:58

when he became ruler the at a chief

11:00

wife numerous concubines

11:02

and children his oldest son

11:04

was born of as chief wife and

11:06

he had four children by his favorite concubine

11:09

think i love thai and com be

11:12

the eldest of these children was seeing

11:14

as brother angle and been day and

11:16

there were three younger daughter's zynga

11:19

com boom and floozy

11:21

okay so she's one of three sisters and

11:23

she's got an older brother and so maybe

11:25

not

11:26

no happy families around the dinner table

11:28

may be other than if you've got a sibling

11:30

you know i've what's heap of his i've got

11:32

from brava i know the buffer and to be

11:34

honest i know in a in a paycheck

11:36

society my older brother would probably like

11:39

inherit any kind of rule title however

11:41

in our family we know he will do this me

11:44

and you know i on the practical

11:46

person practical person one is south of stephen on

11:49

the ball when it comes off you know

11:51

these are the way the best against patriarchy just

11:53

sounded they say based as i know you could became

11:55

for actually even you think about

11:58

his i stay with me being queen

11:59

guy or i wouldn't get ,

12:02

good analogy items that you were able to come around my house

12:04

and put some seen in my boss and because i've got i've

12:06

got a lead to shout the moment let's

12:08

get back to eating his youth because

12:10

i want to know more about her childhood this

12:13

sort of atmosphere of the sections at cool

12:15

a brother a sisters some

12:17

free competitive so athena

12:20

he thinks he's fighting her corner the think she gets

12:22

home with a sibling think she's maybe bit

12:24

me can quiet what's your vibe either

12:26

end up rule in a nation without

12:28

get upset when you do that ludo i

12:32

feel like see the person you can't be the bank

12:34

to it up monopoly up monopoly to seems like

12:36

to get our own ways i grew up above

12:38

it and i didn't have that kind

12:40

of ended up thing and i always want to do with a

12:42

city play with the majority in they seem to be having

12:45

lots of fun

12:46

eighty seven ahead and do things that boys dates

12:48

with sticks and stuff so much as you

12:50

just want it's it does replicate what she saw

12:53

around us basically annoying

12:55

annoying simply invite am , right

12:58

yeah athena is not far off

13:00

zynga according to her biographers

13:03

exhibited intellectual and physical

13:06

strength which set her apart

13:08

from her peers see was renowned

13:10

for out signing her rival brother

13:12

and other children when it came to fighting with the battle

13:15

axe and which was the royal

13:17

symbol of the him don't go state she

13:19

seems to have developed have very strong

13:21

relationship with her father was

13:23

on the surface may sound nice ah

13:25

but it was actually pretty risky because

13:28

rulers could alienate

13:30

wives concubines and relatives

13:32

if they seem to favor a particular child

13:35

and her brother was after all the natural

13:38

air however zinger

13:40

was so favored that she receive

13:42

a sort of special blessing which

13:44

enhancer standing in the court and

13:46

as he grew into young adulthood see

13:48

also seem to have had a pretty

13:50

active love life as well

13:52

as having many women and enslaved

13:54

people on her service see kept a

13:56

large number of young male concubines

13:59

and see

13:59

the report it's i've had multiple lovers

14:02

throughout her life cri kee yeah

14:04

role models and really of like

14:07

, are like already in assets from this point on

14:09

see can do no wrong well

14:11

i'm in rubles see by the investigating the real with

14:13

that statement because she's because foreign land around the

14:16

axe wielding

14:17

there is my a levels to see no on tap

14:19

when she wants them as she's definitely had that his

14:22

favorites but also pretty independent

14:24

but then we know that things do change which

14:26

is in her mid thirties father dies

14:29

quite suddenly

14:30

and does not mean the brother takes

14:32

over and so does that change the situation

14:34

daniel her ,

14:37

became the new ruler and that's where he

14:39

received his official

14:42

title of angola embark the

14:44

but there was still was longstanding

14:47

rivalry between zynga

14:49

and the now ruler of in

14:51

dumbo

14:52

and this next baddest is really grim

14:55

is really horrible what happens next and

14:58

listeners we're gonna have to talk hear about the

15:00

extreme violence including against children

15:02

and reproductive violence against women so

15:04

if you don't hear that given had a couple of minutes

15:06

i think because daniel of the king now

15:08

brutalizes his sister's right

15:10

the consolidate power using his

15:12

brother killed many of his political rivals

15:15

including his half brother is

15:18

half brothers mother all

15:20

of her siblings and many powerful

15:22

members of the core and their respective

15:25

families also

15:27

tragically in golem bond they

15:29

had zingers newborn son killed

15:32

there are also sources which suggests that

15:34

zynga and her sisters were then

15:37

forcibly sterilize so they can have

15:39

more children and

15:41

it turns out neither zynga pharmacy

15:43

or com boom the have children

15:46

the as of the horrific so if

15:49

in gonna ban days rule begins in

15:51

brutal bloodshed targeted at his

15:53

own internal rivals which unfortunately

15:55

is and sisters and nephew

15:58

but then his next target is the extent

15:59

the threat which would be portugal so

16:02

i'm guessing a man who would do that his own family

16:04

is not gonna pull punches when it comes to

16:06

the portuguese the does he go on the warpath at

16:08

the attack very much so he assembles

16:10

a large army attacked the portuguese

16:13

but this did not go well course you will

16:15

at that time are also revitalizing

16:17

their leadership and strategy on

16:20

, new governor and this governor

16:22

would go on sexy que huge military

16:25

campaigns that involve the the

16:27

sacking of in dongles capital city

16:29

for basa and the enslavement

16:31

of thousands of emblem do people

16:33

people when the percy the task of asa

16:36

for the second time and sixteen twenty

16:38

one i'm golem bond day

16:40

was able to escape the many

16:42

of his clothes supporters and family were killed

16:44

or captured only then

16:47

that then turned to diplomacy that

16:49

was the ceasefire following his agreement

16:51

so to one day be baptized

16:54

not to process athena isn't it

16:57

if a lot a kind of speaks to

16:59

the brutality

16:59

the oh

17:01

of kind of years but that

17:03

doesn't go back into they soon and

17:05

capitalism and stuff like that

17:07

and now it's all terrible but there's something about that

17:09

with additive individuals they existed when

17:12

we lived slightly more free our

17:14

lives i mean is this really difficult

17:17

and it was a we never talk about kind of african

17:19

leaders in his truth away we think kind

17:21

of white europeans own terrorism

17:24

but weird a policy is realizing

17:26

that we can all be brutal is not bizarre

17:29

lot we can be just as horrible as you and

17:31

we have to learn about that but not you're not tied when uk

17:33

the status democracy by them bus

17:35

outside of that is t well we could talk

17:37

about outside of being place in who is often

17:40

the understand that we possess that capacity

17:42

you it a human capacity

17:44

you know yeah that's live in the stress moment

17:46

is them in angola monday is is not the

17:48

enemy the gates the portuguese he's also

17:50

fearful of us have a coup within his own family

17:53

so this is a man whose disturbing extreme

17:55

things and , twenty two

17:58

and go know been day

17:59

the by the arrival of a new governor from portugal

18:02

who's arrive in the coastal power base of london

18:04

which is now the capital of angola but

18:06

wasn't time obviously and

18:09

gordon bombay once negotiate a piece but he's

18:11

not gonna go himself the he's gonna

18:13

send his sister in zynga she's

18:15

off the be an emissary a diplomat or

18:18

something so horrible tabitha her beforehand

18:20

so will you think she does athena decent she

18:22

follows

18:22

there's no course know i mean this was a

18:24

lot in families especially with oven sisters

18:26

you with gets sent

18:27

light by the mail or the the boring

18:30

job am and then just do

18:32

a bit badly so like the idea

18:34

was that you'd you do the job and it and

18:36

you can eat buffet it it seems that bad

18:39

you can sabotage them right that

18:41

sounds just like that i had that many kind

18:43

of my childhood and i think mean

18:45

swimming uploading comments and i suspect she

18:47

went there i said always muffled to dislike

18:49

and you off you know and the i miss

18:51

even say no cause the vet you behind your back to a note

18:53

saying and i'm sure it was very effective physicists

18:56

own so it's not quite thou those elements

18:58

of was intercepted are slaughtered to is this

19:01

guy way too much that robs

19:03

she does show up she does her job

19:05

the she dot office of explain her brother's being

19:07

of the of the hot headed youngster the

19:10

done intimate talk us through this this big delegation

19:12

springs obese people with her and that huge

19:15

delegation included soldiers

19:17

waiting women and sleep people to

19:19

give us gifts the meeting was

19:21

very formal

19:23

zynga in the delegation were serenaded

19:25

by the portuguese and see

19:27

played the role of the com

19:29

diplomat and like you said explaining

19:32

that her brother was hot headed she

19:34

had received her brother's permission to

19:36

undertake a public baptism the

19:39

diplomatic acts and through the

19:41

baptisms actually adopts a portuguese

19:43

catholic meme lady on the so

19:45

zone after the name of the portuguese

19:47

gov at the time and his wife were

19:50

the godparents at the ceremony nancy

19:52

you this land route her life and

19:54

political dealings with the portuguese

19:57

and the baptism was a big deal

19:59

so she was very strategic and

20:01

her diplomatic maneuvering

20:04

if you'll go parents or your enemy then they no

20:06

longer can go to war with you i suppose it's it's it's very

20:08

sensible the the portuguese do play a power

20:10

move in drink have to sit down and there's no chair

20:13

and i like you sit on the floor

20:15

athena how do you think she gets around this

20:18

laguna seca said my of

20:20

them as best as a lot of the to

20:22

sponsor cel down in the governor's love the assess

20:25

, assess time his head

20:28

gets one of her servants to kneel on the floor

20:31

and then sits on her so it's a sort of improvise

20:33

ikea flat pack move where you just

20:35

turn a human into human sofa and

20:37

also i mean how is she negotiating with the

20:39

portuguese than it is she multi lingual yeah

20:42

she yeah lingual was a

20:44

super skilled negotiator and she was

20:46

indeed multilingual

20:48

we don't know she had learned for seized by this

20:50

point in her life that definitely

20:52

in later years she wrote letters in

20:54

portuguese and and laugh at

20:57

this moment she she resisted foresee

20:59

the man's she refused to allow her

21:01

brother to pay annual tribute and

21:04

enslaved people for the portuguese king she

21:07

argued that this would be and acts

21:09

of a conquered state which

21:11

in don't go had not yet been my

21:14

as well as being baptized she

21:16

offered so formerly study christianity

21:19

and by the time seen and

21:21

heard delegation left luanda she

21:24

had secured the party's governors promises

21:26

of a formal treaty between their nation

21:29

so it seemed that her

21:31

visit to one that was that sister a great

21:33

success

21:35

how ending of a break that minister

21:37

has one thinking which is yeah

21:41

i , think it's incredible that that she became

21:43

multi lingual that at that time

21:45

as well because it's not an immersive environments

21:47

he would have had to read it should have duolingo

21:51

like rosetta stone or anything like

21:53

that like can only imagine how you

21:55

know how determined yet the be to do

21:57

the unanswered i sometimes i i can speak

22:00

friends bike and i think order a

22:02

sandwich by caught negotiate it

22:05

diplomacy

22:07

the lexicon for the suggestion just

22:09

learn portuguese you that the portuguese you need

22:11

to stop people from his live in your people that i

22:14

couldn't do that though it's it's incredible that

22:16

she's doing

22:16

i'm not the same way with the library so

22:23

, has had success and her trade mission

22:25

but there is some suspicion about whether to and

22:27

do a deal with portuguese yeah

22:30

see are always and i am i think

22:32

her brother also always suspected

22:34

that the pussies we're not going to keep their

22:36

side of the bargain and so to

22:39

have the goal lot of

22:42

and dongo be baptized seem

22:44

like it was playing into the traps so

22:48

it wasn't just zynga

22:50

convincing her brother not to be

22:52

baptized it seems that he also

22:54

refused on his own volition

22:56

the she's not gonna collapse deal in

22:58

order to throw her brother under the bus it's more that

23:00

she's looking out for the

23:03

for the safety of the state

23:05

that's debatable it is ambiguous

23:09

your , haven't little the source is i'm i'm firing difficult

23:11

questions that urban the

23:13

next thing is next is is little bit city again

23:15

i'm gonna use a concept morning his listeners

23:18

because we can talk about potentially

23:20

self harm here so again if you wanna jump

23:22

ahead a minute i think should do the job daniel

23:25

in in think his brother into the in golem bundy

23:28

i by poison we're

23:30

not sure how that poisons got into his

23:32

body

23:33

hensley self harm potentially assassination

23:37

again this is another point of ambiguity

23:40

in the historical record a

23:42

party soldier and writer named

23:44

anton you that cuddled nagar wrote

23:47

that zynga and i quote helped

23:49

him to die with the aid of a poison

23:51

drank and quote so

23:53

is this euthanasia said

23:55

delivered assassination we

23:58

don't know in any case golem

24:00

bond days death left

24:02

a power vacuum that zynga

24:05

immediately stepped into she

24:07

was forty two years old at the time i

24:10

think we can draw different conclusions

24:12

based on that

24:13

yeah so she forty two yeah and

24:16

she's the queen she's in the new ruler

24:18

athena

24:19

that anybody like excuse

24:21

there have been responsible because

24:23

it's in it's quite convenient

24:25

i know

24:26

hi that he

24:28

suffered because of her brother in

24:30

there was there like a rumor mill seats

24:32

yeah especially with in

24:35

the court

24:36

i think people looked at her a little

24:39

sideways after that happened

24:41

but her brother did

24:43

not have wide ranging support

24:45

so most members

24:47

of the court were kind those pleased

24:50

to see zynga rising

24:53

to the throne

24:55

then she throws a funeral for him it was a

24:57

very lavish funeral and

24:59

as part of the the cultural tradition

25:01

of

25:02

the ancestor worship during a remove

25:05

some of his bones or

25:07

which were then captain a small portable chest

25:10

and some of the european commentators

25:12

seem pretty scandalized virus

25:14

today europeans scam

25:16

yeah these you appears

25:19

ways to criminalize the country and

25:22

i've said enough we can be bought if they want to cannibalize

25:24

was a young lady

25:26

now i have i have have lonely many

25:30

the parkinson's but really

25:32

this was there any different though from

25:34

catholic tradition around like the veneration

25:37

of saints relics like the catholic

25:39

would take blood bone teeth

25:41

less and call them first class

25:43

relics however what

25:46

is what are quite difficult part of the story

25:49

as part of the consolidation of her power

25:52

i'm see embarked on power

25:54

bloody campaign similar

25:56

to her brother's of removing

25:59

those who didn't support her leadership

26:01

so basically she has to be sore of who

26:04

of who could trust her nephew

26:06

and goal and bond a son was at that time

26:08

in the keeping of the famous warriors

26:10

of the a bungalow and they were training

26:13

him zynga may have seduce

26:15

to the in bungalow leader and

26:18

convince him to marry her the

26:20

moment they tied the knot see allegedly

26:22

had her young nephew murdered as

26:24

vengeance for the death of her own child

26:28

is sorry red wedding game of thrones the it's

26:30

sort of like the moment the ceremony goes through

26:32

she said have grabbed the kid and kid and

26:34

the men so it's it's pretty i'm pretty

26:37

brutal athena

26:38

yeah i'm i also i also think that the

26:40

the replicate each other so if you fever

26:43

sweet is brutal he feel like if the behave

26:45

in the same way in order to be taken

26:47

seriously slight been in the godfather let you got

26:50

you know you got a kid

26:51

right like eats like is like how they test use

26:53

and stuff on of the tests that she asked the

26:55

past

26:56

obviously the murder guys please

26:58

i met a concert sipri that you belong

27:00

in a position of leadership of yeah i i

27:03

feel like uses replicating the behavior that she'd

27:05

seen say that say horrible

27:07

wanted to be done to her so now

27:09

yeah she posted on but some of

27:11

it that she's the first queen of in dunk in know

27:14

it's not an old state you said maybe seventy years as

27:16

years state daniel but she is the first woman

27:18

to rule

27:19

the she accepted the purses

27:22

did not see it that way surprise

27:24

us so by that sixteen

27:26

twenty six or zingers rebellion

27:29

was so widespread that

27:31

for non the sosa the the governor

27:33

and her godfather had to justify

27:36

to the king of forcing or plans for

27:38

an all out war against her so

27:40

the society dirty godfather

27:43

thing ah don't go for their knowledge

27:45

he works than at the jazz hackensack during

27:47

a message the mom and

27:49

this and this we see her gender being discussed

27:51

by the portuguese so

27:54

the governor toes a close relative

27:56

of zynga as an alternative puppet

27:58

ruler the photos explanation

28:01

for picking a guy is and i quote

28:03

because a woman had never govern this kingdom

28:06

and quote understandably

28:08

the following years were difficult for a zinger

28:11

she was she was warrior and new

28:13

the land far better than the portuguese

28:15

and that made her a tactically sophisticated

28:18

enemy but the portuguese technological

28:20

firepower was hard

28:23

to match there were definitely some

28:25

close calls but after three years

28:27

zynga was still there and still

28:30

giving the foresees a headache

28:32

yeah i mean we talking here the the age of gunpowder

28:34

weapons now and nearly sixteen hundred seen the portuguese

28:37

will have muskets where she's wielding

28:39

her famous that lacks which is have terrifying

28:41

up close but not great from fifty yards from

28:43

the case of becomes amazing story

28:46

where ginger get cornered

28:48

somehow escape the

28:50

portuguese show up and l flanker she's only got

28:52

like one hundred gods she's trapped by

28:54

a cliff face and a deep

28:57

golly ravine it can't guy behind

28:59

and younger full and to call your left me congo right

29:02

how do you think she gets away athena i

29:03

because i've seen the fourth nefarious and if every

29:07

i and every fast and furious as a caught

29:09

say for ends up ever been laugh

29:11

which is a helicopter com and

29:14

an infinity jumper the helicopter over

29:16

the helicopters were invented yet so i think

29:18

what she does sizes he basically

29:21

she jumps but could is ravine

29:23

dead light vi

29:25

i've got a call the beans who the divines

29:28

other did athletic director for us

29:30

and then she jumps and then she like she

29:33

just happened in order it happening to tango actually

29:35

i'm sure i am services alone at some

29:37

point this choir and of honey in in

29:40

picking on that's what quarterfinal on

29:42

foot of order for this is that i am

29:44

anyway as he jumps off and and

29:46

see manages to grab on to something

29:49

and seizes that

29:50

the i to climb back up or climbed down

29:52

into safety go with that com believe

29:54

he got that right but it said

29:56

if if about ever that this is just as

29:59

the helicopter

29:59

the own devices so there we

30:02

go over that athena that's phenomenal knowledge

30:04

of the thought and furious movies because i'm a screw

30:06

new but there was a useful as the who

30:08

this a slutty it does have it's the enemy before us as

30:11

he escapes first by calling to a tiny

30:13

crevice in the rock face they go through one at

30:15

a time they get up the other sites and as a sort of

30:17

the guy you the portuguese fall into the galley the

30:19

soldiers behind them says she's climbing over the rocks

30:21

and then a few days later they catch up with their again

30:24

and this time yes cliff face ravine

30:27

vine wrote she swings the safety

30:29

like indiana jones and

30:31

the sisters a captured so com boom and and fuji

30:33

have captured but she makes it out hollywood

30:36

escape i'm in you go bang on athena i

30:38

can hear that hollywood music and

30:40

didn't do that

30:43

yeah it's it's lovely to find these moments

30:45

do that you couldn't write this article

30:47

we're in the ss and that's

30:49

today the gonna feed a do once is ridiculous

30:51

also to fight adam and without wishing to be aged

30:54

here like i'm about to turn forty and i would

30:56

lich i would fall in that gully and now i

30:58

try to lt seven

30:59

would let to put he thanked me

31:00

i would disappear like this then other

31:03

you know are just via a

31:05

, would have thought nine or might not might be gauge

31:08

in iraq this off season

31:11

off have no engine go entering a phase where she is

31:13

resisting the portuguese and a bit of a miss asked

31:15

is developing around her she's becoming a bit

31:17

of a unstoppable agent of chaos

31:20

they can't quite com current and that

31:22

dankworth frustrated says extend

31:24

mrs defending the kingdom

31:26

internally she has to maintain

31:28

power which is about the branding some what

31:30

kind of visual image to think she is

31:33

sending out athena to her court

31:37

powerful daily she's doing

31:39

a push up there like in the time and a a

31:42

a corner

31:44

i prefer may choose as you doing

31:46

sit ups are not ten bed

31:47

a thoughts on go

31:49

and fifty cents success is

31:51

certainly would be intimidating be intimidating defoe

31:54

chin ups in the historical record i'm aware of

31:56

yeah unfortunately we don't know her her

31:58

fitness regime that

31:59

in terms of other day to day things

32:02

are see always sat on a throne an

32:05

actual throw not toys as my sienna

32:07

city tiger not a metaphor influence yeah

32:10

, a answer english you for oh my god what's in

32:12

the food noticed that there are under attack

32:14

a second second

32:17

thank you for clarifying that and success

32:20

i'm so i see

32:22

had an italian missionaries

32:25

and that was part of a deal that she made with

32:27

though the vatican in the sky became

32:30

her chronicler and his name was father

32:32

guy eta i'll quote him here

32:34

as she was always a lab

32:36

really dressed and silk drapes velvet

32:39

and brocades imported from europe

32:42

wearing a crown and she always

32:44

wore on our hands feet and arms

32:46

several rings made of gold silver

32:49

copper iron corals

32:52

and various imported beads and

32:54

quo see also surrounded

32:56

herself with impressive textiles

32:59

like rugs and adorn mats

33:01

and the other people evercore were also

33:03

held evercore this high aesthetic standard

33:06

the not doing sarah connor chin ups she's

33:08

gone mariah carey mega playing

33:11

you might be able to say that they're

33:13

cn this is less you know when league

33:16

good as the people who they they were make up

33:18

every day and then we'll see them without

33:20

it you feel i owe my gosh i who u

33:22

s i always the tendon isn't instagram feel

33:24

so on you yeah you know it's kind of like

33:26

a heightened version of yourself that ottawa

33:28

hadn't thought about that has been a powerful thing that

33:30

is a powerful yeah always the can rich

33:33

that sort of how she communicates power to

33:35

those around her there's another space here

33:37

which is where again i think some of the european

33:39

sources than get into this sort of quite

33:41

bloodthirsty idea

33:43

of her which is that she embraces the in

33:45

been gala traditions now we've already

33:48

mentioned those because she had seducing england

33:50

dollar leaders suit than most a nephew

33:53

but gonna talk us through these daniel because this

33:55

at how do we separate can european

33:57

style scare mongering from

33:59

genuine

34:01

what we know about their culture

34:03

it's hard to sift through the

34:05

historical records and separate

34:08

, is european

34:10

racial fantasies around

34:13

african leadership and african societies

34:15

so we're always dealing with that sort

34:17

of murkiness of of

34:19

the historical archives the

34:22

in bungalow were have

34:24

known for being

34:27

ruthless warriors and renowned for

34:29

these extreme acts of ritual violence

34:33

and they sometimes works as mercenary

34:35

for the portuguese they attacked

34:37

in don't go and and

34:39

zingaro one one them over

34:42

to her side by adopting some a bungalow

34:44

traditions the records say

34:47

that she may have practice human sacrifice

34:50

subpar and cannibalism mirrored

34:52

her body in oil from

34:55

a sacrifice child again these

34:57

are from the colonial records so

34:59

they come with all a lot of

35:01

racism within them but

35:04

see did try to find a new

35:06

identity through

35:08

the bungalow last are concerned problems

35:11

with the portuguese see

35:13

you came in contact with

35:15

someone in tembo i'm dumbo a

35:18

daughter of one of the bungalow leaders

35:20

who is said to have perform the ritual

35:23

which d gendered zynga

35:26

transforming singer from woman

35:28

into a warrior and thus

35:30

zinger became angola zynga

35:33

in gone bay in gonna meaning

35:35

queen zynga master of arms and

35:38

great warrior

35:39

wow i mean that's quite the email

35:41

signature isn't that monster of bombs and great warrior

35:43

i suppose i'm drink and now is is

35:46

degenerate which means we sort of talking

35:48

here about a king or a

35:50

just a roux launch [unk] the moving

35:52

that kind of the femininity from listen

35:55

and becoming mr state

35:57

the space

35:59

the million

35:59

our identify as the state i

36:04

mean you can't argue with that can you ask right

36:06

yeah i'm gonna i'm gonna take that one of a suspicious

36:09

ninja his reputation is growing so

36:11

is the army between sixteen thirty one

36:14

thirty five

36:15

the can get a tax rival states

36:17

another african nation could

36:20

macomber and that's rule

36:22

by another female liquid queen mongo

36:25

and mongo and wins and so

36:27

suddenly engine get has doubled the

36:29

their land and also is now

36:32

ruler of in don't go and mutton both

36:34

daniel and then what

36:36

the between sixteen thirty

36:38

one and around sixteen forty one zinger

36:41

continued to win battles

36:43

and take territories including

36:45

lands that the portuguese had claimed

36:48

that were previously in dongle lands

36:50

and zynga is by now probably

36:53

the most powerful leader in africa

36:56

this is the period when she decides to

36:58

be referred to as a man

37:00

by the people in the court

37:02

the anger marry the man called

37:04

lord and tombo but in tomboy

37:07

apparently has to wear women's clothes

37:09

and be known as the queen whereas

37:11

zynga is now going biking

37:14

of , smile smile feel like

37:17

businesses exact see live

37:19

in what we call into instance to have best

37:21

life that's

37:23

wonderful brilliant

37:25

this africa's as ruler once

37:27

married you have to outrank your spouse

37:29

naturally a man without rank engine

37:31

guess of engine got some swap sentences

37:33

right i outrank you again because now i'm

37:35

i'm the king and your the queen yeah

37:38

especially in the context

37:40

of a bungalow societal

37:43

norms but this is where

37:45

zing occupies a really complex

37:48

place in the history of gender

37:50

on one level she was able to subvert

37:52

gender norms because of her privileged

37:55

status as a ruler but

37:57

like we just discuss see also reproduced

37:59

we are cool ideas that equated masculinity

38:02

with power and femininity with subservience

38:06

but it's that messy miss that's interesting

38:09

then i think this dovetails with

38:11

the the question of which gender

38:13

pronoun sir we used for zynga

38:15

from the showing forward zynga

38:17

did use salmon and pronouns

38:19

later in life relief and letter

38:22

that she wrote to the poor she's core and to the vatican

38:25

i'm pretty reluctant to ascribe

38:27

pronouns from the vantage point of the president

38:30

but , argue that gender nonconformity

38:33

was an integral part of

38:36

zynga combating patriarchal power

38:39

so regardless i think of the pronouns

38:41

that we use i want to succeed

38:43

gender nonconformity and expression

38:45

at the foreground observing the story

38:48

and maybe thing is asking us some mess masculine

38:51

expressions with someone and pronouns

38:54

someone away that goes beyond the gender binary

38:56

so why not

38:58

we love the idea of of gender

39:00

fluidity but particularly shoes

39:02

and gender when it's most advantageous see

39:04

say for example we know when you want to rule

39:06

the country the thought

39:07

the man you can't tell me over as in made

39:09

things the authority to have that understanding

39:12

that knowledge and also see over see

39:14

how the internal kind of

39:16

a pretty a

39:17

the be do it for she probably sounds

39:19

like she she was a gender fluid individual

39:21

says she was able to negotiate their mouth

39:23

because they were as you

39:25

when hated her truth yeah

39:28

there's it's king engine gonna or kink

39:30

gags to jingle of i'm trying to find a way

39:32

of the warning that are getting into other not a

39:34

citizen gosnell but ,

39:36

it's to think is off and sixty forty one and

39:39

we have and we upset as well because these these

39:41

battles against the portuguese be playing out for ages

39:43

and ages twenty odd years a thing and

39:45

then suddenly out of nowhere player three and

39:47

as the game in a new european

39:50

power to shows up out of the blue and

39:52

says hello guess who that is athena

39:54

to you know

39:55

god that is this is them i

39:57

mean i'm going to say britain excited britain

39:59

or

39:59

the on one no

40:02

neither they say there's they there's all of

40:04

germany no of germany or

40:06

not far from germany italy

40:09

oh , right has been been

40:12

the dutch that's the nettle the dot

40:14

the , one that has

40:16

a colonize they've showed on and

40:19

weirdly they don't attack and ginger

40:21

they go off of the portuguese which is handy

40:24

then note nicholson my first visit them

40:28

but

40:28

the and am with

40:30

a snitch the stronghold of the one though

40:32

from the portuguese they arrive with his big i'll

40:34

order and they both how the portuguese

40:36

in gender is delighted for his she's hug

40:39

thanks at last twenty years of fighting and

40:41

suddenly i have allies on my side how

40:43

does the engine you go about

40:45

the curing this alliance than

40:47

so in zinger wanted to foresee is

40:49

out of course and the dutch one at a

40:51

steady supply of enslaved

40:53

people

40:54

there's not great news and know nice

40:57

i was i would say see that zoc it's assessment

41:00

of that it's if i'm honest obviously

41:02

that was not the case may be sedated

41:04

in the process but

41:07

underneath rather than a grim

41:09

scenario okay so from

41:11

sixteen forty one so sixteen forty

41:14

four zynga reclaimed large

41:16

sections the in don't

41:18

go that the portuguese had taken that

41:20

last a huge battle in

41:22

march of sixteen forty

41:24

six foot the portuguese are so they're

41:27

trying to get their land their

41:29

stolen land back zinger

41:32

managed to escape spot her

41:34

sister com boom was again captured

41:36

by the portuguese however

41:38

zynga and the dutch counterattacks

41:41

and sixteen forty seven and killed

41:43

around three thousand portuguese troops

41:46

hi sixteen forty eight their

41:48

alliance was incredibly strong

41:51

that here came a new policies

41:53

gov with his own armada

41:56

of fifteen sips and like nine hundred

41:58

men and so on august

42:00

and sixteen forty eight he quickly took

42:02

back luanda from the dots and

42:05

they left africa without selling their

42:07

indo go allies and

42:09

the first thing i knew that that that's left

42:12

with one see heard that

42:14

the foresees fly was flying over the wonder

42:17

i think it was trying to go dutch on the political problem

42:19

but the dutch ditched her so engine guy has

42:21

to go it alone and now focuses on getting sister

42:23

combo back as well as defeating

42:25

the portuguese goods and

42:27

think is in their sixties of this point

42:30

i'm in not old old but certainly

42:32

getting old and com boom needs to be the heir

42:34

to the throne so that's why it's in good needs

42:36

can be back and so what's new

42:39

approach daniel is it more war with portugal

42:41

or something else

42:43

yeah something different between

42:45

sixteen forty eight and roughly

42:47

sixteen fifty six a

42:49

zinger had zinger had so topless

42:51

and see proved to be as we've already

42:54

seen a great strategic

42:56

brain zynga knew that the supply

42:58

of enslaved people was was

43:01

crucial and controlling

43:03

metabo was crucial to this this

43:06

meant that the new policy is governor gray

43:08

at the saw had to deal with singer

43:11

though as troubling as we find

43:13

it zynga played the enslavement

43:15

card as a strategic

43:17

asset zynga also

43:20

started to use catholicism

43:22

and her baptize identity

43:25

advantageous li and so she

43:27

replaced in bungalow religious beliefs

43:30

with catholicism and develop

43:32

relationships with other a catholic leaders

43:34

in europe using even got using touch

43:36

with with the pope alexander

43:38

the seventh who praising

43:41

go at length and and letters

43:43

and and other correspondence

43:46

athena quite the pivot isn't that having

43:48

them were early embrace the in bungalow

43:50

now embracing catholicism and right into

43:52

the pope

43:53

the be like aspiration doesn't that and

43:56

it doesn't the day that i mean and also like but

43:58

of have yet to see if you just the whoever man

43:59

what about

44:01

there were two i mean i only come

44:03

at that age nominees

44:04

going further , than a ravine

44:07

the number two if number two his biceps

44:09

right to the pope

44:10

really interested since on the i mean

44:12

that some

44:13

hi i'm going on history i think about the petco

44:15

things that how to write the pope you just kind of

44:18

to jesus right is they oppose

44:21

it wasn't stratasys

44:22

he did for vatican that does he gets

44:24

it

44:24

i i i find nice sure

44:27

the nary a mean said send a letter

44:29

through the portuguese i suppose mean that the enemy

44:31

but at the same time

44:33

your route back to europe is it annual

44:35

yeah and the missionaries

44:37

there were a part of her court

44:40

they have had a wrecked exactly

44:42

yeah they had the direct connections to the polls

44:45

are , that the animals speed dial

44:47

yeah exactly exactly

44:50

she was that pie for that time ago it was for

44:52

this moment it was just a tool and up in

44:54

a bag wasn't a was like at one on gonna

44:56

pull out the a couple dozen to when i need i i

44:59

know who that is needed it then i'm ready to the polls

45:02

so i'm by sixteen fifty into there's been

45:04

a war with portuguese twenty five years

45:06

and then suddenly

45:08

the advice or john and yoko and not giving

45:10

these achievements because in a previously we've had

45:12

master of arms and great warrior but now

45:14

we're getting the great diplomat again the

45:17

ending is now doing a deal with the portuguese is

45:19

this a sort of settlement on one why would the

45:21

portuguese give up after all that battle what

45:23

are they under pressure to

45:25

the foresee the military was pretty

45:27

debilitated at that time because

45:29

they were in a war with spain so

45:31

they could have been and like the perfect chance

45:34

were zynga it's a put

45:36

her foot on their next your own sake

45:38

back all the land the foresees wanted

45:41

peace within dongle and wanted

45:43

sir reopen the the the slave

45:45

trade zynga on the other hand

45:48

i was conscious of probably

45:50

getting a little older and wanting

45:53

her sister com boom to be released

45:55

and com boom and that up being the air

45:58

eventually a peace treaty was signed them between

46:00

fifty six some have suggested

46:02

that zinger made concessions supports

46:05

ago but there were gains on

46:07

both sides zynga agreed

46:09

for missionaries to resign and

46:11

in and don't go and to provide

46:13

military assistance of the portuguese while

46:16

the portuguese agree to send an ambassador

46:19

susan the score campbell

46:21

was freed as well most

46:23

challenging to us is

46:25

once again housing agreed to

46:28

concentrate the human enslavement

46:30

trade in a market in in dongles

46:32

capital

46:34

yeah from our position we

46:37

we look at the history of enslavement and we we the

46:39

horrified by it

46:41

those the finger it's this

46:43

one cool that she's

46:45

able to use a yeah and

46:47

this is one of the vegas

46:50

tragedies of

46:52

colonialism is that a

46:54

creates a world in which anti blackness

46:57

is also used to safeguard

47:00

african sovereignty in this case

47:02

though it became a tool tragically

47:05

for the freedom of

47:08

some africans over others and

47:10

wheels of course now have a a king or queen

47:12

i mean as let's say a rule us in their

47:14

late seventies early eighties said does that

47:16

mean it's sort of retirement party pacific

47:18

time to do the crossword potter the garden

47:21

what does it have last the last few

47:23

acts of injuring his career and life

47:26

she was definitely not finished yet

47:29

see worked on institutionalizing

47:31

christianity within and don't go on muthama

47:34

again as a way of securing

47:37

and maintaining political freedom from

47:39

the forces she died and

47:41

sixteen sixty three aged

47:43

eighty one of a lung infection after

47:46

thirty nine years of rain the

47:48

death was kept quiet for a while

47:51

as advisers fear that it could

47:53

spark mass panic zynga had

47:55

been so powerful for so long

47:57

that her faith felt

47:59

too close the intertwined with the

48:01

larger and don't those faith but

48:04

eventually sister combo succeeded

48:06

to power zynga

48:08

had requested a christian burial

48:11

but the people wanted to engage in traditional

48:13

in boone do for our funerary rights

48:16

which included twenty thousand people

48:18

are reacting a temporary village ah

48:21

were seen from zingers life where reenacted

48:24

ranging from military battles to

48:27

more intimate portrayals of of

48:29

of her character

48:30

cleaner a you're you're a young person without

48:32

abide by this yet but one for at some point in our

48:34

lives we we have to plan funerals while seems

48:37

would you like from your life to be reconstructed

48:39

but twenty thousand i'm all actors wow

48:42

, would be the great fight

48:44

for the remote control of

48:46

you know that you know that

48:48

are we the ballymena the probably be in a comedian

48:50

the right some decide desk my to define

48:53

that we need twenty thousand people

48:55

i decided desk aside

48:56

hey i

48:59

mean our best thought doing something more impressive

49:01

as much as i say

49:03

, i want the seats are those is twenty thousand

49:05

people despite in their nails go few

49:07

and few the boy in perth with as he said that

49:11

apologize success often new into a spiral

49:13

is under threat for several

49:16

of my allies us oh

49:18

i thought our freedom is going to be so dry

49:21

isn't that what i'm sure why but some

49:23

that is the end of of his life that

49:25

eighty one of the of the defeating the

49:27

portuguese agreeing a deal with them and

49:30

and resisting the occupation which was

49:32

no mean feat

49:39

the pie now for for the new on

49:41

swindon this is where athena and i sit back

49:44

for couple of minutes and and practice all roving swinging

49:46

i'm we yeah we let daniel or

49:48

took uninterrupted for two minutes about whatever we need to

49:50

hear about today's subject so i'll get my stopwatch

49:53

up without much further ado

49:55

we have the new ones when they play

49:57

alright so yeah want to talk about zingers

49:59

leg the sensor that first

50:01

and foremost immediately following her

50:04

that's her legacy was carried on by

50:06

later rulers of in dongguan muthama

50:09

including other women like veronica

50:11

metabo who resisted

50:14

for season protrusion into the eighteenth

50:16

century as well after

50:18

the fall of in don't go motown

50:20

by another kimball new speaking kingdoms

50:23

of current day angola the

50:25

worries of zingers resistance to the portuguese

50:28

endured most recently

50:30

as organized nc colonial

50:32

movements emerged and of

50:34

mid twentieth century zynga

50:36

became firmly embedded in the

50:38

mythologies of angolan liberation

50:41

most notably by the people's movement for

50:43

the liberation of angle or and p l a which

50:46

was initially a marxist collective

50:48

that became the ruling party or single

50:50

was sort of articulated as part of

50:52

the lineage of mpls

50:55

endeavor toward sovereignty today

50:58

the mp eleven though they've abandoned nearly

51:00

all marxist anti capitalist

51:03

economic policy nonetheless

51:05

the singer continues to be a part of

51:08

the parties populist rhetoric with a statue

51:10

of her and launder and launder feature

51:12

film produced by the son

51:14

of the former president on the other hand

51:16

zynga has become part

51:19

of has deeper dismantling of

51:21

empire and patriarchy while

51:25

articulating and imagining

51:27

ongoing black liberation struggles

51:29

so for example the afro cuban poet georgina

51:32

read are published georgina long and

51:34

powerful palm powerful zingers honor it's

51:37

gonna be fascinating to follow

51:39

housing as legacy is celebrated

51:41

and utilize moving forward as

51:43

her story like spreads

51:46

during sincere in the us filming

51:48

has begun on a drama series on zynga

51:51

apparently produced by curtis jackson

51:54

they gave fifty cent and starring

51:56

it's eat it's eat as anger so

51:58

that will be interesting

51:59

yeah wow that's amazing thank you very much

52:01

daniel i mean if anyone seen

52:04

fifty cents program in less than lox

52:06

yeah look forward to disarm nasser

52:10

disarm mean if it's on in the thought of as com

52:12

programming that we should all be very phrase

52:14

ssssss phrase suspect he's

52:17

telling the story so what do you know you

52:26

what do you know now the

52:29

, got everything everything

52:31

if i believe issue believe ,

52:33

seen it is currently holding hands of suffice

52:36

in essence read somewhere that shutting or every

52:38

school in the series is no input for that ten

52:40

you're very high schools so

52:42

you've set yourself a benchmark that is potentially

52:45

difficult to match but at the same time i'm expecting

52:47

good things here

52:49

you remember the world cup when germany

52:51

be within six know that

52:53

, know if this if i end

52:56

end like that like the

52:59

officers rather than so sick of on end

53:01

of resign american in the go another the eyes up

53:04

in the southern one in us help others

53:06

and seven one met riot as an hour

53:08

at a threat an as i

53:11

can do that is the people who are like

53:13

see the best that something's opposed to get walloped

53:16

the occasion of it but brazil's about spices

53:18

so you know that that said that seemed out

53:20

the zoc is possible question one

53:22

that jingle was born in a breech jingle

53:25

in fifteen eighty two you know what

53:27

her name meant were translated

53:29

to tangled up yeah

53:31

i said yes they twisted us it was

53:33

dubbed well dumb question to name

53:35

one of into his sisters

53:38

i knew that we're name

53:39

on the tv and i was like of

53:41

let's see every time he said a name i'd go say

53:43

it twice athena in your brain and remember

53:45

and eyes genuine it's so hot here can

53:48

we please that a records as a society

53:50

hot

53:51

or the empower load the one who

53:53

was kidnapped

53:53

that know that the a and go now i know if

53:56

they would be some due to these kids that

53:58

can boot should interfere

53:59

i'm going to yeah katherine on a

54:02

quest to three what was enjoying his favorite

54:04

weapon of choice and also them will

54:06

on that that

54:07

that a lack of as the flag

54:09

question for part of early diplomacy

54:11

engine got engaged in what catholic religious

54:14

ceremony and baptism it was

54:16

it isn't it clarifies after

54:18

death of her brother thing in goal and been

54:20

they didn't get respect for you remove what

54:22

from his body to aid with ancestor worship

54:25

the only one from his bones the captain

54:27

a test question six name's three

54:29

luxurious things in zynga did all war

54:32

to signify elite status at court

54:34

there by bracelet yeah of them i

54:36

want us to the bangles instead of crowns

54:38

yes absolutely a problem question

54:41

seven of the being chased down by portuguese

54:43

soldiers on a cliff how did engine got evade

54:45

capture and wasn't a helicopter the specifics

54:47

as he crawled through a crevice and hit

54:49

for three days and then he jumped

54:51

into the cliff and saved by

54:53

vines yes absolutely brilliant he dumps

54:55

cost and eight after undertaking earning been

54:57

dollar des gens ring ritual ginger

55:00

acquired what warrior name

55:03

what was he was

55:05

so long that

55:06

the government is most of arms

55:08

and great warrior class ,

55:10

i can west and nine which european nation

55:13

did engine give briefly former successful

55:15

alliance with before they panicked and ran away said

55:17

that for food da specific specific

55:21

may alden never on advertisements together

55:23

go there again but i don't have will i am

55:25

, why questions had this idea of them it

55:27

is vague them it solid scoff at what

55:29

age did in gym get die it

55:32

with ac want it was a t y that's how said

55:34

very strong school that's of them in or as he did very

55:36

well thank you so much sense to both v

55:38

and unless know if you're anxious a more athena

55:40

in you can tune into episode on on months the moose

55:43

one of the richest people of all time we

55:45

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55:48

you want to learn more about another formidable females

55:50

mystery than listen to episode on or to

55:52

be solved the chinese pirate queen she

55:54

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55:56

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55:58

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55:59

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56:02

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56:05

and , like to surf huge thank you ready

56:07

to my guests in history corner we

56:09

had the superior doctor daniel f silva

56:11

from middlebury college in the usa thanks to

56:13

daniel oh thank you for having me

56:15

this is a lot of fun even though the topic

56:17

for sometimes bleak yes

56:20

no that's yes that's that's problem with our shows

56:22

that thank you for the same for for keeping

56:24

it like when we could and and comedy corner

56:26

we have the awesome athena could then you thank you athena

56:29

thank you have me i love their in this l at

56:31

learning so so i think

56:33

the or lot by we do genuinely not in the photo

56:36

who love having back on and you

56:38

loving this not join me next time if we conquer

56:40

another historical subject for now

56:42

and have to go in texas my daddy leaping

56:50

you're good to meet with the production by the athletic the

56:52

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56:55

rich episode was written by emily

56:57

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56:59

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57:01

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57:03

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57:10

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57:14

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57:17

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