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radio

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hello and welcome to you're dead to me the

0:54

radio for comedy podcast the takes history

0:57

seriously my name is greg jenna i'm

0:59

a public is to win or from broadcaster and

1:01

i was the chief nerd on the bbc comedy show horrible

1:03

histories and today we are winding our watches

1:06

ring the bells and turning back the clock to

1:08

learn all about one of my faves subjects the

1:10

history of time keeping yes i am very

1:12

excited as a hobby tell my son dials

1:14

from with the fortunes i'm joined by through very special

1:17

guest in history corner he the bestselling

1:19

author and time keeping expert in

1:21

our third so slit her throat hello university

1:24

good previously he was curator at both the science

1:26

museum and will observatory in greenwich

1:29

you may have read his brilliant book about find

1:31

a history of civilization and twelve clocks

1:33

i have to be loved it is doctor david

1:35

rooney welcome david oh great

1:37

thanks a lot of very kind of it and in

1:39

comedy corner she's a comedian writer and tv

1:42

host who hardly needs any introduction on

1:44

this show indeed she's are all time

1:46

top score on the quiz you the

1:48

scene or on live at the apollo the masterful month

1:50

a week and of cough cough master annual destiny

1:52

remember her from previous appearances on your debts me

1:55

most recently on the episode about paul robeson

1:57

is deseret birch welcome back deseret

1:59

oh my goodness i'm so excited to be here

2:02

especially because i didn't realize

2:04

it was time keeping i thought

2:06

it was about time and i thought you were just like i

2:08

know stephen hawking read a book on this but forget

2:10

that guy suffer and what

2:13

a terrible guess to have on because i

2:15

am really really bad at showing

2:17

up to anything on time or

2:20

, are about five minutes late which i think it's absolutely

2:22

within the realms of politeness is no problem there

2:24

were but i had intended to be thirty minutes

2:26

early so i assess assess

2:28

assess the the reins now

2:30

you know it's time keeping and not the physics of times

2:33

how do you feel about this subject this is one you

2:36

thought about now the

2:38

inside watches look really

2:40

cool ah i think

2:42

a steampunk is a gray aesthetic answer

2:45

that as about what i got on

2:48

time so please

2:50

tell me everything oh right blank slates

2:52

looking forward to it so what

2:54

are you know

3:00

the be taught as ever with somebody and know this is

3:02

where i have a go at guessing what you are lovely

3:04

listener knows about today's subject and

3:06

even if you're not a historian or philosopher

3:09

or even a whole rather just i

3:11

think you may know about the concept of time

3:13

and you probably have some ideas about how it was

3:16

measured in the past them in hollywood loves

3:18

the close up shot of and emptying hourglass

3:20

it's very dramatic but in the immortal

3:23

words of share if i could turn

3:25

back time what would they be using

3:27

in the past and how do people understand

3:29

time back then was at the same as

3:31

how we understand time let's find out shelley

3:34

right that the ray i want to start with a

3:36

very simple question

3:37

what is the key i'm still distracted

3:40

by the share impression to be particularly affected

3:42

us as i was like both incredible

3:44

and terrible and now i can get that weird

3:46

misspell stressed out of my head because

3:49

effect on eggs it's all i'm going

3:51

to think about for the entire record okay

3:54

like space is a dimensions are

3:56

times that of mention so with a way of

3:58

measuring a dimension and

3:59

the way that we all agree that

4:02

we're going to adhere to you know

4:04

if i were watching youtube the i times a conspiracy

4:06

a set out and started a deep state

4:09

to keep you down a but

4:11

like but like know we've all agreed on

4:14

sixty minutes and sixty seconds and

4:16

twenty four hours

4:17

the way of measuring that and like

4:19

a regular beat that probably has something to

4:21

do with our hard

4:22

that's an amazing odds that you paid

4:24

yeah it's an absolutely

4:26

amazing owns a b i mean the basic

4:28

question like what is o'clock while

4:31

the word for star comes

4:33

from words i mean bell

4:35

so like close or glauca

4:38

or clocker there's another really

4:40

old word the horror low g

4:42

m a natural gives us the words urology

4:45

which is the study of time keeping [unk] now

4:48

it's easy to kind of assumed that

4:50

o'clock mean some kind of mechanical device

4:53

maybe skokie wheels and

4:55

it's maybe got something that oscillates backwards

4:57

and forwards that gives the iraqi let's

4:59

take actually for thousands of years

5:02

humans have needed to mark time as you say

5:04

to measure time to make sense of the passage

5:06

of time it's a universal

5:08

human activity throughout history

5:11

so i think the word fuck to mean

5:14

any device used by humans

5:16

to track the passage of

5:19

i hope we don't need the tic toc which

5:21

is good because i'm a middle aged man he can't dance the other

5:23

meaning of clock is to hit someone so hard

5:25

in the face suspect

5:27

that fades as fades bath house which may be

5:29

the back to them bell sound

5:31

we've already had me deseret mention

5:34

of twenty four hours in a day sixty minutes

5:36

in an hour sixty seconds in a minute the

5:39

civilizations you think we've inherited that

5:41

from

5:41

oh a really ancient one i'm going

5:44

to totally screw up and not remember

5:46

the egyptian the sumerians

5:48

the like i have no idea but something super

5:50

old you absolutely nailed

5:53

it twice the egyptian than some areas means

5:55

basically exactly right i mean maybe a nominal

5:58

we talking full thousand

5:59

the go maybe slicer the back when offshore a

6:02

day were both hot for duo decimal

6:04

mathematics they're all about

6:06

the number twelve they find it easy to work

6:08

with and that means he got twelve months

6:10

in the air twenty four hours a day and

6:12

then you've got sixty minutes in an hour which again

6:14

is a do a decimal numbers were

6:17

still using this duo decimal mathematics

6:19

that was around and bronze age but it's not a totally

6:21

unbroken line they couldn't seventeen

6:24

ninety three the french revolutionary government they

6:26

had a crack at a whole new time system

6:28

what was it every ah we're

6:31

like oh i pay attention

6:33

to time this is kevin and

6:38

development as is imo

6:40

i'm at another time

6:43

, besides when i feel like

6:45

new in a is gonna get done or

6:47

if not it's gonna look closer

6:50

at the zoo to things that appear vibes that time

6:52

as i'd like to legs straight up vibe

6:54

of that david they went very much the opposite

6:56

vibes they went for sort of rigid new scientific

6:59

russian list enlightenment approached time

7:01

have his boots metrics measurements

7:03

projects to redefine all measurements

7:06

into this new system based on nature and

7:08

on part of that they introduce metric time

7:10

which meant decimal time so that was the number

7:12

ten rows of the numbers twelve or sixteen

7:15

so the idea of decimals sixteen wasn't

7:17

entirely new that been decimal

7:20

time systems in medieval china

7:22

and in other places actually

7:25

the idea decimals i was also put forward in

7:27

england by an astronomer

7:29

and seventeen sixty nine this on the william emerson

7:31

who was from darlington in county term

7:34

but he didn't think that as more time would catch

7:36

on because he thought what

7:38

he called the tyranny of

7:40

custom would never let

7:42

go of that old system of

7:45

twelve and sixty that the french

7:47

sought a few decades later that they couldn't

7:49

grasp time from that tyranny

7:51

of custom sewing defense system is

7:53

hop the day lasting ten hours the

7:56

needs our would last a hundred minutes the

7:58

each minute was a hundred

7:59

the that still

8:01

worked out or did the sun keep rising

8:03

different time the period of a day

8:06

is a natural cycles a rotation

8:08

for years but how he divide that

8:10

of is absolutely human made

8:13

to they also decided to read trust the calendar

8:15

which was a huge the revolutionary accessories

8:17

had ten days in a week though

8:19

imagine own and know much about

8:22

christmas with them are so many

8:25

our assess assess communities

8:27

three ten day weeks and months weeks then

8:29

to be ten months in the year and

8:32

months he gave them all of these new

8:34

names that were based on cycles

8:36

of whether and agriculture

8:39

the like february was ventosa

8:41

the windy months and

8:44

on the part of that was cause they really wanted to get the support

8:46

of as agricultural workers the working

8:48

process so that new scheme the

8:51

trying to be some further you can also get

8:53

hybrid clocks and watches a few of them

8:56

is still survived which showed both

8:58

twenty four hours can i was on

9:00

the same dial those

9:03

i think it's fair to say decimal time was hugely

9:05

unpopular clues a massive pain

9:07

to try to implement it so it only

9:09

lasted decimal times at

9:11

eighteen months

9:13

the fifteen months is hop and ssssss

9:17

necessary for got this city

9:19

s s s s to the literal waste of

9:21

time does the right but said you had to

9:23

rename january where would he call it towards

9:25

january's easy january is called

9:28

my birthday don't forget it assesses

9:31

atlanta as if you're born in january every

9:33

plate is era in february and like know that's when i celebrated

9:35

because you takes can't remember

9:38

if it if in january

9:40

okay well i mean in terms of the technology of time

9:42

keeping the earliest technology we've got

9:44

evidence for isn't the bronze age with wouldn't egypt's

9:47

here with talking some dials and

9:49

shadow clocks we can see show you a very

9:51

early one from three thousand five

9:53

hundred years ago it would have had a noman which

9:55

is the little pointy triangular bit that puts

9:57

the shadow of the sun on it and you can

9:59

the equally partitioned lines

10:02

in a semi circle that so it's

10:04

pretty straightforward it's i mean

10:06

it's go away

10:07

as a human that we caught anything

10:10

we make tech now

10:11

like if it does one thing it's

10:13

technology like i don't now is a cat

10:15

technology like anything to win

10:18

anything the technology you're not thinking of what

10:20

i'm looking right now this looks like some kind

10:22

of fossil of a shell but

10:24

i mean it's cool like if i don't

10:27

see the little actual dial on that

10:29

but it's kind of got like a scale measure and

10:31

i'm assuming you see a shadow

10:33

one place and in the shadows moved and that's pretty

10:35

much all you need to know about time they have things

10:37

called shadow clocks which would have to face east

10:40

in the morning and then at noon

10:42

the sun would be up above it and then you'd have to turn

10:44

it around so attempt i see

10:46

witnesses set of weird will he on

10:48

steve jobs or whoever gets ssssss

10:52

a minute noon you gotta turn it otherwise

10:54

you'd have no idea like if you're late for that

10:56

you'd get single like it's new now it's just noon

10:59

and i decided to send her

11:00

the fundamentals are other big deal in the and she

11:02

was this quest famous time placed

11:05

under the call it the romans the show up

11:07

in sicily and they make a

11:09

sundial with an omen and they're very proud on

11:11

they they're super proud of it so we're going back

11:13

in time nearly two thousand three hundred

11:15

years the first punic

11:18

war between the roman republic and carthage

11:21

so the year was two hundred and sixty three

11:24

for you the romans captured

11:26

that greek island colony of catania

11:28

on now that of sicily to as well as plundering

11:31

treasure they also took something that

11:33

felt quite mundane perhaps which

11:36

with the locals sundial and they

11:38

brought it back to rome and set it up on

11:40

it's whole column right at the heart

11:42

of the roman forum know of course

11:44

it was calibrated for the time and the calendar

11:47

of sicily society different from the of rome's

11:49

didn't seem to matter cause it was in use in rome

11:52

the almost a century the point is

11:55

that was rooms first public

11:57

sundial it was it's first clock

12:00

the rooms became obsessed by these things is started

12:02

popping up all across the republic and he

12:04

could not get away from the six

12:06

the they have to have a guy a beer really

12:08

high to go ding dong

12:11

dong ding dong ,

12:13

hour or would allow me me

12:16

assess assess assess assess i'm

12:19

not the worst job except for your like they're

12:21

in the sun all day

12:25

the deseret you imagine you're an ancient rome are

12:27

you happy excited for this new technology

12:29

no no i'm not know person has ever

12:31

excited for any technology especially when

12:33

the i saw all these kids

12:35

with all their sundial skate man

12:38

be my it's the clock it's that o'clock

12:40

so tell me what time it is i was

12:42

here when we had to walk up tie both way

12:44

less now they

12:45

you're absolutely right david those did

12:47

so seriously grumpy text we have

12:50

from this period the almost literally

12:52

word sulfur says for always been says

12:55

that that made us that our had

12:57

drink by those who say oh god it's a mess

13:01

with , momentous

13:05

out for this

13:09

is incredible line

13:11

written in a play that was written

13:14

out the time that those and dials was spreading

13:16

all over rome and this is one character

13:18

in displays said this may

13:20

the gods damn that man to

13:23

first discovered the hours

13:25

and who first set up a sundial

13:27

here to cuts and sacks

13:29

my days so read should lead

13:31

into small pieces you know

13:34

when i was a boy my stomach

13:36

was the only sundial it

13:38

used to warn me defeats but now

13:41

what that is isn't eaten unless

13:43

the son says so

13:46

wow that's pretty epic

13:48

and also timeless like you could throw

13:50

that into a play now and i'd be like

13:52

yeah well it's got some good ideas sort

13:54

of as means your uncle shares on facebook same

13:57

when i'm not a twitter no mobile phones

13:59

through it

13:59

can this ring it's a sort of

14:02

rent it's a roundabout kids the new technologies

14:04

great but

14:04

though he was the first person to express that

14:07

how many people do you know who are like i can't keep up

14:09

with oliver and like he was the first

14:11

person to say that and this was two thousand two hundred

14:13

years ago and it shows just how embedded

14:16

in our lives the power of

14:18

clocks keeping us in order

14:20

is now they were the first police

14:23

creepy ssh to think

14:25

time with all right but in some

14:27

than i am on the you yeah not

14:29

play rice's clauses and he will go to when

14:31

we have other evidences wealthy been grumpy about

14:34

time but that's the best once okay says

14:36

that brings into my favorite fact about

14:38

time of all facts so the romans deseret

14:40

would bisects said day into to set to twelve

14:42

hours of the console hours of night nickel

14:44

twelve hours of daylight sorry straightforward

14:47

except for one slightly awkward thing how long as

14:49

a roman our our com i'd

14:52

say that this stupid two ways

14:54

i'm gonna guess something and know and like fifty

14:56

three minute good guess the

14:59

it depends on the month sundial measure

15:01

some and sunlight fluctuates to the

15:03

year

15:04

more and someone does lessen the winter though

15:06

twelve hours with stretch and

15:08

you'd have seventy five minute hours

15:10

in the summer maybe forty five minute

15:13

hours in the winter

15:14

to meet a real complicated twenty

15:17

days has september april june and november

15:19

kind of song to remind them of affected

15:21

in our was depending on when maybe

15:24

the see me that guy was furious about his lunch he

15:26

was hungry he wanted seventy five min

15:28

allies are are goddamn times a moveable

15:31

feast it literally stretches and strengthen

15:33

the ancient wealth and one the people who be helps

15:35

the souls this is an islamic scholar

15:37

food even alisha tear who

15:39

doesn't shop until the late thirteen hundred david

15:41

the as were and fourteenth century damascus

15:44

and syria probably about the thirty

15:46

seven days and

15:49

the official claim keeper of the your my

15:51

utmost the great mosque of damascus

15:53

was as you say the astronomer even

15:55

i'll shut it a nothing the nothing

15:57

the became most famous for was person

16:00

well that's scholars tend

16:02

to think was probably the most sophisticated

16:04

that it ever been made up to

16:06

that point the fixed sundial

16:09

fixed high open the mosque and

16:11

had three individual dials inscribed

16:13

in one of the measured hours

16:16

since sunset another

16:18

one measured hours until sunset it

16:21

also could measure what were called equal hours

16:23

were it was the whole day and night

16:26

period was divided equally

16:28

no matter what the season so that's

16:30

a system that we use today where each

16:32

hour is the same length as every other

16:35

our and this might all sounds

16:37

really arcane and arcane kind of his

16:40

but actually was really significant and often it came

16:42

down to the needs of astronomers

16:44

he wanted equal hours and they were often very powerful

16:46

in society compared with the needs

16:49

of the ordinary citizens going about

16:51

their daily lives according to the sunday

16:53

light and darkness he wanted often

16:55

unequal hours so usually what

16:58

happens at centuries was

17:00

to the two systems it runs side by side

17:02

and you could imagine how complicated

17:04

that made life

17:05

yeah i mean how complicated didn't make

17:08

that sentence like the still

17:10

they did you allies okay

17:12

so our since sunset hours until

17:14

sunset

17:15

and then the regular clock that we know

17:17

today because you prince or when he said that i

17:19

was just thinking of that days since

17:21

last accident calendar ssssss

17:24

at that but essentially astronomers

17:26

you're saying wanted the twenty four hour time because

17:28

obviously they want their math problems workouts they

17:30

want something that's even all the times and

17:32

the people wanted subjectivity because

17:34

some hours are longer than other

17:37

hours things we've got don't think about what people

17:39

were using time for so the stoners

17:41

wanted equal i was because they're

17:43

involved in looking out to the stars they're

17:45

not interested in daylight and darkness are

17:48

interested much further out but if your

17:50

face had pro times which are

17:52

based on sunset or sunrise

17:54

been those very throughout the year

17:56

according to we the where you are on earth then

17:59

those only one a related to

18:01

the light and darkness periods is super important

18:04

answer those are the patents that are important to

18:06

you the answer i guess is

18:08

just reminds us sit there is no

18:10

universal time system it's

18:13

all made up by humans

18:15

to serve purposes on yeah

18:17

and so we've got they the a my utmost

18:19

they're and that's the story building

18:21

another building doing a time keeping function

18:23

with in ancient athens and this

18:26

had this had name is buildings called the tower of

18:28

the wins which is great for his

18:30

of lord the rings or it's such an important building

18:32

is also known in greek us the whole reload she own

18:35

it's in athens incredibly well preserved

18:37

to this day originally it

18:39

was beautifully colourful decorated

18:42

so what it is it's an octagonal marble tower

18:45

about forty meters high eight meters across

18:47

near the same as acropolis believed

18:50

to be built in about in about and forty

18:53

see a it was part sundial

18:56

hot wind veins sense

18:58

tower of the wins but it's third

19:01

thing it was also part plex

19:03

sidra

19:04

deseret what's the club sidra i mean it's not a sexually

19:06

transmitted infections of what what else

19:08

is it the dead thing that tells

19:10

you the best time to steal stuff from

19:12

other people in the mill than i have fathers' fathers'

19:15

are from bledsoe nine affect your guessing

19:18

means time stele

19:19

now

19:20

how did it feel the time then

19:23

that's just what and watches in the matter

19:25

ssssss know

19:27

it's actually a was o'clock and this is another

19:30

he's important technology and the age was

19:32

there an even older times you been technology than some

19:34

those probably of woodward adopters

19:36

is a trucks time by regulating

19:38

the flow of water from one vessel dwindled

19:41

the simplest it would be a book

19:43

of shaped vessel the whole of the bottom

19:46

the time scales marks on the inside

19:48

of a token just now about equal and

19:51

unequal hours while water talks naturally

19:53

kept equal hours the water

19:55

flowed water flowed at rate those

19:57

are the benefit of work and at night with

20:00

the importance of the prayer no

20:02

they weren't just use in the ancient med if you

20:04

were an ancient imperial china

20:07

or a medieval japan every

20:09

major city would have had a klutz sidra in

20:12

a tall tower fitted with drums

20:14

or bells from which the time

20:16

would be sound supposed the public so

20:19

more to talk to absolutely spectacular

20:21

and this was centuries before the invention

20:23

of the european mechanical clock

20:26

club the drought look at night which is very handy

20:28

so this only think ancient technologies very impressive

20:31

and then the other technology we haven't told by incentive

20:33

telling the time it's with your nose

20:35

deseret how would you smell time and

20:37

if i smell food i know it's dinnertime

20:42

in the morning if i smell my cat coming and i know

20:44

it's morning that i have no idea

20:46

how you would smell time beyond food

20:49

or like maybe to the crispness

20:51

of the air or some kind or in i

20:53

really well first and paying

20:55

attention to anything on this planet

20:57

i mean it a lovely answers but we talk about proper

21:00

gadget here a device these are caught

21:02

fire clocks they were used in medieval

21:04

china it's sniff the time tech

21:06

isn't it yeah these routine isn't actually

21:09

like smell a vision for time death so

21:11

it was only five looks could mean a candles

21:13

or oil lamps been used medicines he could

21:15

watch a candle burning down and he did martha

21:18

scale on the side of my nose to

21:20

watch and all this all this fantastic

21:22

it's less fss but but but it a cyber

21:25

fi plot which was indeed medieval china

21:27

also japan and korea where

21:29

you'd medicine by snow by using incense

21:31

a really subtle sensory

21:34

clog because you could use different instances

21:37

the different times of the day as he could literally walk

21:40

into a room and you know what the time

21:42

was just from the smell

21:43

the are the bad to say i was like if you just

21:46

had different sense i would know if it

21:48

changed from like

21:48

the chopper into cinnamon rolls

21:51

that it was more and cinnamon rolls

21:53

or break and bullet other things will get a lot

21:55

of a sudden that's really all you need o'clock for if the

21:57

best a smell is a really

21:59

good said

21:59

the time to search for

22:02

society to decide to make sense of time

22:04

anyway always looks a high tech

22:06

gadgets from the past but we should

22:08

never forget the number one says well david

22:11

he mentioned natural wealth giving us time keeping

22:13

the i get his of the thought of end at the classic

22:15

question i have to ask you now deseret at an iphone or regret

22:17

this spitzer is a cock a

22:19

clock a now because

22:22

roosters lie

22:23

a man support

22:26

rico and roosters just

22:28

sound off whenever the hell they feel like that

22:30

in a nutshell that arises they'll do

22:32

it at five the morning bill do it at eleven

22:35

they'll do it at two thirty

22:36

they'll give a damn so that's

22:38

a my blue princess

22:41

, does are a smoker beds yeah we when we

22:43

look back industry we absolutely have to

22:45

argue that a cop is o'clock assist

22:48

, you look in the medieval

22:51

european literature references to cockroach

22:53

pre dawn the references far

22:55

outnumber references francis to water clocks

22:58

particularly when it came to prayer times

23:00

that were before dawn the rooster

23:02

was absolutely part of your to

23:05

kiss addressing it reminds us i from

23:07

historical point of view that if we want to understand

23:09

the past it's own terms

23:11

we should put aside our preconceptions and we

23:13

need to understand what people are the time needed

23:16

and it seems that

23:17

the evil people needed a cock to get them up in the moon

23:22

anciently , just walk around

23:24

that as though it's like i went before

23:26

signing just just assess

23:29

assess i'm in and the other thing

23:31

that's us most with them of would be measuring

23:33

time would the medieval world is the iconic thing i've mentioned

23:36

in the introductions mentioned hourglass

23:38

of a medieval david are they older and also

23:41

that got really into and artistic heritage to

23:43

have a nice we don't really know when the hourglass

23:46

was invented some people argue for ancient greece

23:48

but it seems more likely they were around

23:50

about the eleventh or twelfth century either

23:52

by islamic or european

23:54

make as and the cold out

23:56

losses caused it was sometimes run for an

23:58

hour or whatever our is but

24:00

most of them and actually run for either longer

24:03

or shorter periods you could be anything from like twenty

24:05

four hours at down to a few

24:07

seconds the really is as

24:09

you say greg , it's the symbolism

24:11

that's fascinating here rights

24:13

of like from the fourteenth century onwards the

24:16

hourglass came to symbolize the

24:19

to how to live a good life on earth

24:21

to ensure a better eternity for

24:23

you then he started to symbolize

24:26

the passage of time itself particularly

24:28

times destructive effects the had the figure

24:30

of follow the time an old man

24:33

with wings and a beard carrying an hourglass

24:36

that was from the fifteenth centuries and

24:38

i became widespread in and european

24:40

off coach then

24:43

from the sixteenth century things got a

24:45

little bit darker and

24:47

the grinning skeletal

24:50

sega of death with

24:52

an hour glass clips they

24:54

did outstretched hand as he beckoned

24:57

us to our graves became

24:59

not cautionary symbol foods of mortality

25:01

on tombs and gravestones across

25:04

your it had this message it was memento mori

25:07

remember that you must die

25:09

so we're in the medieval world and this is where we get

25:11

all mechanical clocks hour clock us or

25:14

bells and bells and called that

25:16

because their house and in black and great bell

25:18

towers david only on the technology

25:20

is this to get it but also

25:23

not sophisticated it's gravity

25:25

it's quite simple you go to in many

25:27

respects absolutely so mechanical

25:29

clocks us we think of them first met in

25:31

the you're in probably about the year twelve

25:33

seventy five the , point

25:35

of them was to mechanized simpson that already took

25:37

place which was ringing bells from

25:39

tall towers intermission gear wheels

25:41

powered by gravity the reels were

25:44

rotated a near constant speed i'd

25:46

be the first clocks wouldn't have

25:48

a visual dial or a poc face

25:50

at all all the debris ring the bells

25:53

there was only later that only that that o'clock

25:55

face was at its and they'd only

25:57

have an hour hand and then later a minute that

26:00

it as fox got more accurate first

26:02

ones were done accurate didn't really matter because

26:04

it need to be wound up probably every day

26:06

so they could be reset at the same

26:08

time using a sundial now

26:11

the oldest one is odd

26:13

incredible one have been of this tower in

26:15

kyoto near venice the oldest

26:17

surviving mechanical clock from thirteen

26:19

eighty six the another one from

26:22

that yes likely later and so's be cathedral

26:25

and i think what they were trying to do these

26:27

told public clocks ringing

26:29

bells mr projects

26:31

political power

26:33

by forcing this sense of order

26:35

temporal order onto the population

26:38

of towns and cities is that why

26:40

public leaders are so cocky because we've

26:42

talked about the cock being sort of the introduction

26:45

of sounds waking as apps

26:47

and all of our clocks are like on bong

26:50

bong and they were like we're reinforcing order

26:52

and it's like you're just a big friggin rooster

26:54

bass is ssssss as

26:56

the absolutely spot on so there's another

26:58

type of mechanical clock at the same time

27:01

as the sunday simple bell ringers which was astronomical

27:03

clocks which was hugely complicated

27:05

places like frog yeah was transfer

27:08

cathedrals under stress but cathedral

27:10

clock had a gigantic

27:12

automata and rooster right at the

27:14

top it's shouting down at the

27:16

people saying you have been

27:18

kept in order by this machine

27:20

which represents i the gods or the universe

27:23

or your political leaders and then we've

27:25

also thought this to some other question going

27:27

on david of of the idea of time

27:29

is money mercantilism the

27:31

trade business the as certainly

27:34

in the thirteenth century get that first clock

27:36

in italy selling

27:37

the real boom time in commerce

27:40

and so time is money is a i'll ask you this

27:42

now she does the rest you know how old that phrases

27:46

i mean from the sound of what you're about to say

27:48

like it's like

27:50

it's quite old indeed it's not medieval

27:53

out academic i didn't like michael douglas

27:55

say that and that money movie in the eighties and

27:57

the started the earliest

27:59

seventeen nineteen time

28:02

is not all guys we know benjamin franklin

28:04

these that phrase and seventeen forty eight and

28:06

he's really into didn't tell him what phrase

28:08

doesn't he

28:09

all we did with contracts civil is an

28:11

right thing

28:11

down so

28:14

, i'm keeping his opponent religion is important in

28:17

navigation is important in commerce and trade

28:19

but also time keeping can be

28:21

personal david the window clocks

28:24

and devices who are loges as

28:26

you've called medea when do they enter the home

28:28

so small talk that you just have any home

28:31

probably sort of so let's say soon

28:33

after fourteen hundred portable

28:35

time she was you could carry so what we call watches

28:38

most made in the very early fifties

28:40

and hundreds of gradually with of gradually

28:42

posts know

28:43

boxing watches increasingly near

28:45

us and in view our

28:48

awareness of clock time became

28:50

more and more present and personal and this ties

28:52

really closely to that idea of benjamin

28:55

franklin and time is money rather

28:57

than rather capitalist point of view it's from a religious

28:59

thing to do people started thinking of time

29:02

as something that you could waste when

29:04

the english puritans of the sixteenth

29:06

and seventeenth century start pushing this idea

29:09

of like a pious work ethic

29:12

as being the foundation of your face

29:14

this is riveting cause this is like

29:16

is weird trifecta of morality

29:19

surrounding capitalism going

29:21

into to i'm i'm on planets aside

29:24

about like aside don't even know when i can eat

29:26

or thing or prices that prices that jesus

29:28

because of what time it is because like

29:31

the whole idea of wasting time like money

29:33

like it being and commodity and also the

29:35

sanctification of

29:37

one version of spending

29:39

said time even when did we started spending time

29:42

do we start spending time after we were

29:44

wasting time i question

29:46

i have a feeling known humanity we are wasting

29:48

time first because we moralize the crap out of

29:50

some banks and then someone's like what i'm gonna

29:53

spend my time on this

29:55

every single person you know is likes or wasn't

29:58

very productive today and it's like

30:00

would you need to produce such

30:03

, strong powerful idea and it's been it's been

30:05

hammered into us for hundreds of years

30:08

there's a seventeenth century puritan

30:10

pasta and theologian richard

30:12

baxter he published an essay and sixteen

30:14

sixty seven he said a

30:16

few either the way this life

30:19

will go the ever give you another

30:21

here then in another

30:23

treatise he claimed that idleness

30:25

was a most heinous said cause

30:28

by wasting time he said

30:30

you are guilty of robbing god

30:32

himself the

30:34

benghazi more like your overlords

30:37

your corporate over and over the better suited

30:40

to the idea of who you soothing

30:42

whether it's gold it's gold and the ideas

30:45

that your time's not your own

30:47

that it's somebody elses time whether

30:49

it's god so your factory owners

30:53

is expressing the same idea whether it's the

30:55

puritans or the capitalists the

30:57

ideas you must not waste a single

30:59

second of time otherwise

31:02

effectively you'll spend eternity in hell

31:05

now that's been pushed into

31:07

us the west for hundreds

31:09

and hundreds of years so is it any wonder that

31:12

we've got all of these time

31:14

management apps which makes

31:16

hurt us to fill up

31:18

time what are you doing this weekend what you got no

31:21

plans you loser

31:22

sorry no more

31:25

do more do it faster whereas

31:27

i love not having

31:29

anything to suffer success and it's a

31:31

war a ten day weeks i would mean

31:33

nothing to do for at least

31:35

forty five of those day sfs

31:38

some and sixty six seventy got some the redemption

31:40

some essay by richard back throw up here

31:42

it's in theologians very soon off

31:44

that we also get a very iconic clock

31:47

arriving in homes one has been made very

31:49

iconic recently and stranger things for it

31:51

is the grandfather clock the show off

31:53

in the instead of the myths sixteen hundred

31:56

the house me for too long cases they're called

31:58

long taste clocks and they wing

32:00

for an exact second thanks for thirty nine

32:02

point one inch pendulum it says

32:04

it's thirty nine point one inches i bet seven

32:07

ff ff ff ff as a but

32:11

the three i wanted to ask you why the cool grandfather

32:13

clock

32:14

you might be get their names for really

32:16

murray then he announced like with it made

32:18

by thomas grandfather or some shit

32:20

assess assess assess assess

32:23

the charming name comes later she turned

32:25

eighteen sixty six and don't have a best selling song

32:27

written by henry clay work and the

32:29

summer school my grandfather clock

32:31

it's a creepy, old long

32:34

has pendulum clock is chiming in unison

32:36

with the events that grandfather's life and

32:39

spice to the

32:44

clock stops working when the grand dad die, zeit

32:46

90s, a stranger things eat your hearts

32:48

out so if you want to hit her version of song with johnny

32:51

cash to the lovely version in 1959, it's got the

32:53

ball and that's my grandfather

32:56

died in and the clock stops working

32:57

is that where they have the birds come out of them

32:59

to make them less because i see,

33:01

only thing that redeems clocks sometimes

33:04

a bird combat i find out more creepy

33:06

being really don't yeah yeah i mean

33:08

the i find the success of swiss birds attacking

33:10

you really scare certain things that have

33:12

applied to forget about your i am exact as right

33:15

okay so now we need to talk of files

33:17

well i'm in the iconic justice a time is running out

33:19

is it up to watch right so when do we do

33:22

wrist watches was a been around for few

33:24

centuries but they were really jewelry

33:26

warned by wealthy woman so queen was with the

33:28

first of england's famously how to watch said

33:31

into a bracelet

33:32

the nineteenth century there were quite popular

33:35

among women cycling and horse

33:37

riding out and but it wasn't something that man

33:39

who traditionally where will they had to

33:41

give us ones on our risk because we

33:43

weren't allowed to have any pockets well the

33:45

pocket watch was invented before the pockets and

33:48

, was just called the watch and someone's

33:50

like i don't know put it around your neck physicists

33:53

around the neck opens the building and then somebody

33:55

invented then pockets and to realize tickets put in

33:58

a pub and cause the pocket

33:59

but wrist watches very much agendas

34:02

in the period up to the nineteenth

34:04

century it was war that change though

34:07

so is the second boer war at

34:09

the turn of the twentieth century and then the first world

34:11

war soldiers begun stopping watchers

34:13

onto their wrists but when they did did they

34:15

have to call them man watch as center they felt

34:17

yeah

34:20

i think you're probably preoccupied by

34:22

the amount of that was the right next

34:24

to his ass out of the idea was there in

34:26

there trenches and the needed and citing the waves

34:28

of going over the top to their slaughter

34:31

and so they restock the watches to watches restock of it

34:33

up both hands free to hold their rifles

34:36

effective use of practicality that send

34:39

wristwatches into gender neutral artifact

34:41

and the court on very quickly as to the first

34:43

world war among men

34:46

as well as women to the extent that the

34:48

pocket watch became effectively

34:50

obsolete in just became few years when

34:52

i was a kids of resources of he cited

34:54

has was an ill casio one had quartz

34:57

crystals in it which i thought with that fancy and

34:59

is and the sort of sort great leap forward in

35:01

technology we put a crystal inside

35:04

and then moves this is science

35:06

now

35:08

they're pretty much i mean that be no the leafs

35:11

beyond the mechanical gears

35:13

socks with gear wheels so electricity

35:15

from the eighteen forties onwards could

35:17

push and pull pendulums backwards and forwards

35:20

using magnetism their devices

35:22

you could plug into the mains electricity and they would

35:24

take that time keeping from the frequency

35:27

of the power coming through the socket in the war

35:29

two is pretty clever but yet course

35:31

was this big leap forward from the nineteen

35:33

twenties onwards the thing is that quartz

35:36

crystals vibrated

35:38

a very high frequency tens of thousands

35:41

of cycles per second rather than the one

35:43

cycles per second of a pendulum the

35:45

totally caught on and then

35:48

by the nineteen seventies and ninety days we

35:50

all had the plastic courts clock

35:52

on the kitchen war we have the black

35:54

resin casio for ninety nine

35:57

watch and our wrists absent a lake

35:59

and then every the were and you know the vcr

36:02

in the microwave oven at the time switch and

36:04

and every computer and suddenly

36:06

high accuracy

36:08

i'm keeping sir the

36:10

fraction of a dollar was available

36:13

throughout the world course watches are very

36:15

accurate the most accurate clock the course

36:17

of atomic clocks which are invented in nineteen

36:19

fifties they use cesium and the most

36:21

fancy ones of course all were deseret

36:23

i don't know nasa yep there

36:26

in space oh and space a to shoot them

36:28

out there tps as a claw i didn't

36:30

think of as o'clock the satellites whizzing

36:32

around above our heads all the world's

36:34

most sophisticated clocks giving us

36:37

everything we need for month technology

36:39

that a gps satellites basically vehicles

36:41

for flying talks over our heads all

36:44

the time i mean the problem with those early nineteen

36:46

fifties atomic clocks was a huge

36:48

the used a lot of power and if you're going to build

36:50

a satellite every gram of

36:52

payload mattered so there's a breakthrough in nineteen

36:55

seventy one when to german engineers

36:57

and yet cards and get out huebner

37:00

built a pair of miniature atomic

37:02

clocks said go on a trial satellites

37:04

a gps and they were tiny i'm

37:07

centimeters que one point three

37:09

kilos each hardly any

37:11

power and they were the first atomic clocks

37:13

in space and here's the point

37:16

because those clocks that a now on gps

37:18

satellites death fundamental

37:20

to how the whole modern world

37:23

works is not just military

37:25

technology is not just sat nav to get

37:27

you where you want to go everything

37:29

in the modern world works because of the time

37:32

kept by those cops global communications

37:34

computer systems transport logistics

37:36

painting power supply

37:39

mike this sounds like a movie

37:41

that's going to have

37:42

the expendable than a try to keep china

37:45

russia from pointing a new

37:46

at a satellite somewhere or

37:48

a bunch of

37:49

them to blow up all the time speakers in

37:51

april off the picket assessor whenever like

37:53

thirty nine o'clock slowly grounded space i have

37:55

to do is take those out in the world as we know what is over

37:57

is what i'm here dot is literally one soon why

38:00

the daunting

38:02

if you put cause clogs

38:04

up into space they would be wrong by only a billionth

38:06

of a second but that would be catastrophic

38:08

that billionth of a second would mean that you're sat nav

38:11

would be out by five hundred miles

38:13

you kids a stick your casio on iraq

38:15

it and hope for the bessie smith russia but

38:19

it's i'm the technology obviously of in the other thing

38:21

that tells us time now often is often is excellent theory

38:23

but we asked our personal get it's will time it isn't

38:25

they speak it out to us we hear a voice is

38:27

has a history to and i know you're very keen on this david

38:30

the speaking clock it was really personal

38:32

to be so talked about the telephone speaking

38:34

clock his first installed in the

38:36

uk in the mid nineteenth thirty

38:38

seed phone up and you get the exact

38:40

time read out to you so

38:42

in ninety thirty five when the rebuilding the stock

38:44

the telephone or thirties decided you

38:47

need to have a set of auditions

38:49

the find the person who would be the voice

38:52

of this new cloak the demanded

38:54

a female voice he had a competition

38:56

among all of the telephone exchange

38:58

operators and supervises up

39:00

and down britain to audition

39:02

in an ex success style series of regional

39:05

heat system hundred grand final survey

39:07

was a holes to go with

39:09

the golden voice and

39:13

there were nine finalists and it turned

39:15

out so i am distantly related

39:18

to one of those nine finalists married

39:20

six and choose from gyro she

39:22

worked at the south shields telephone exchange

39:24

this is my home town and she lost

39:27

to go with the golden voice competition and nineteen

39:29

thirty five because she had a jordy

39:31

accents

39:33

yeah yeah

39:35

i'm an accent discrimination is timeless

39:38

yeah there's also other women

39:40

who told the times in the nineteenth

39:42

century men as well but that famously women

39:44

deseret to know what and lock her up a was

39:48

their minds those are most about

39:50

cock and clock a naka a

39:52

what i've i don't know what else not

39:54

enough means think the answer

39:56

around the obvious

39:57

i have no idea i have no idea

40:00

the short answer or lesser your photo then

40:02

maybe the allah help you ounce i mean these

40:04

look like window cleaner who didn't

40:06

want to get on scaffolding with okay this

40:08

woman is shooting like an elephant dark

40:10

up to a window or something i

40:12

don't know she's like to spit balling

40:16

it's literally just somebody who comes around comes around

40:18

you up

40:19

the window

40:21

that's it

40:23

that's surprising like a disease

40:26

that shit somebody's coming home and three in the morning

40:28

have allowed phone conversation about of my

40:30

window ssssss

40:32

knock or up as well hired often by

40:34

factories and and local businesses

40:37

and the they went up and down the streets ratting

40:39

on windows and saying get up time to the a shift

40:41

right get it so the number

40:43

would go with this long pole

40:45

and drop on the on the high windows

40:48

and and is mary smith or from limehouse

40:50

see would blow dried peas

40:52

through a pc death of at the high

40:54

windows to wake you up like thought it was probably

40:57

number of his work and into the nineteen sixties

40:59

the question does raise it sells

41:02

how did the number of us get woken

41:04

up to do their job so where they're not

41:06

robbers naga robbers yeah

41:08

and what happened when they got pregnant as any good enough that

41:10

look rather not refer and knocked up knock

41:12

her up or has probably been woken

41:15

up by cock ,

41:18

a sally that that

41:21

now it's a nineteenth century and where we can talk about

41:24

about britain and about the politics of of

41:26

time standardization because since

41:29

time immemorial every place had immemorial every local

41:31

time bristol for example is nine minutes

41:33

behind london center sunrise so

41:36

i've always heard david that it's the railways

41:38

the coming the railways in the eighteen thirties and forties

41:40

with forces people to change

41:43

that you've gotta have time unification

41:45

across the country because the timetable it's

41:47

chaos is every tallies could it's own

41:49

local time so is it the universal

41:52

railway that changes the or them more going

41:54

on the i know you've worked on this area so what's

41:56

your cutting it's theory perhaps

41:58

wasted resources

41:59

those are the railways broad about standardization

42:02

of times by the eighteen fifty pretty much

42:04

every part of the british rail

42:06

network had standardized it's time

42:09

to london time which meant greenwich

42:11

mean time right the argument goes

42:14

by the eighteen sixties or

42:16

of britain was keeping kind of same that's

42:18

where the oven falls down because it was decades

42:20

later that britain civilized

42:23

standardized to greenwich time and

42:25

why did they do it in the end

42:27

well at least in britain it wasn't about the railways

42:30

is that concerns about alcohol consumption

42:32

that factory work and conditions about sales

42:35

labour and the way the politicians

42:37

wanted to regulate the sale

42:40

of alcohol and control factory work

42:42

and ours was using clocks

42:44

so you limit the hours of work he limit the i was

42:46

that you could buy alcohol and

42:48

legislation for both of those really

42:50

came to head in the eighties seventies

42:53

the news of you going to do that you

42:55

can opt out everyone agree on literally

42:58

what the time is and

43:00

also everyone's gonna need to have access to the time

43:03

and it's not that spell the end

43:05

of that multiplicity of

43:07

local times in towns and villages

43:09

and cities across britain replaced

43:11

by a single stand the times of

43:13

britain greenwich time in eighteen

43:16

eighty dublin time the island

43:18

so the railways a really really important but

43:20

we gotta remember this a bigger story of

43:22

standardization as an instrument

43:24

of moral control

43:26

if the man deseret the conspiracy

43:29

and always says so i understand

43:31

this in the context of the uk because i mean

43:33

clearly the the time was very very

43:36

functional and keeping people miss comes you from drinking

43:38

so much as we've all seen and appreciated

43:41

i'm sure it works like

43:44

how did to greenwich's incredibly cruel

43:46

meantime become a standard

43:49

universally you know because it

43:52

is like zero o'clock and

43:54

man the other the ones are adjusted based

43:56

on that that just colonialism like

43:58

how did that happen that

43:59

what's next to my script as around weldon new

44:02

david colonialism empire was

44:04

so if we accept the time keeping is a human

44:07

invention than of causes us to be deeply

44:09

political so the british empire all

44:12

you the maritime empires they were growing

44:14

in the eighteenth century while they were all searching

44:17

for way to solve a problem that was

44:19

limiting that growth which was called the longer

44:21

tude problem as maritime navigation

44:24

is no and east west position accurately

44:27

and a solution to that problem came with clocks

44:29

oh double precision clocks carried on board

44:32

ships that came to be known as chronologies

44:34

is a british make a who got their first john harrison

44:37

and seventeen sixty nine it made

44:39

the first of these devices the nation

44:41

that rules the waves can rule the world

44:44

look how the british empire developed

44:46

after that for all of those shipboard

44:48

going on with this to work they needed to

44:50

be regularly corrected during

44:53

a voyage from land based clocks

44:55

so around the coast signs of every

44:57

continent honors all

45:00

of the colonizing empires built this

45:02

network of big elaborate

45:05

powerful time signals the

45:07

first british imperial

45:09

times signal started and eighty

45:11

six at africa's cape of good hope

45:14

is a powerful can they

45:16

it every day at noon from

45:19

a hill overlooking table day was

45:21

hardly subtle so yes it was a

45:23

practical navigational signal

45:26

the symbolism could hardly be clearer

45:29

i did arrival powers or the

45:31

indigenous african people written

45:33

time from a powerful

45:35

british

45:37

right over their heads every day on

45:39

the south coast of africa the slide the admiral

45:41

in mary poppins he keeps find the canon and

45:43

the top of his house i mean deseret yeah

45:46

you're in the uk the moment but you are from america you

45:48

have multiple times and back home in the states

45:50

yeah nobody knows what time to call me

45:52

and it's a nice ssssss

45:55

well that's mean that again that's eighteen eighty

45:57

four is will get this huge a conference

45:59

in in d c which decides the greenwich london

46:02

will be the can a pretty meridian and the idea time

46:04

zones david is it put forward by a canadian

46:06

railway engineer called sanford fleming

46:09

yeah he or the idea of dividing the world

46:11

into twenty four one our time

46:13

zone so you could add an hour to the clock every

46:15

fifteen degrees west to go remove

46:18

an hour when you go east of course

46:20

when you look at a time zone map it's meant

46:22

to have nice straight sides to

46:24

each of these zones but of course time

46:26

zones don't map on to jog or fi

46:28

or the politics or to borders china

46:31

for instance as a country is five

46:33

hours of tight and wide but it's only

46:35

got one time zone which is paging time

46:38

it's saying the whole time as

46:40

this huge country is going to

46:42

be the time from the center

46:44

the political center of it in beijing but

46:46

the political center is way yet literally

46:48

it's dawn and they're like of yes ten am

46:51

because the government says it's ten am

46:53

and salad stamps exactly that and it

46:55

was one of the first acts of months to

46:57

don't to suffer second world war

47:00

which was unified scientists time

47:02

to one time zone which was a way

47:04

of bringing together this new stairs

47:06

because the time zone is just like a flag

47:09

or a national anthem it's an expression of your

47:11

identity and the politics

47:13

of times zones in europe

47:15

is just extraordinary and

47:17

already could talk for the rest of times

47:20

about a set of has a lot higher zones

47:22

thing left again to next as right as daylight saving

47:25

time oh yeah this is stupid

47:27

crap ssssss

47:29

that about manly it ruins our lives

47:32

twice a year the i love into

47:34

the history that history that times i find fascinating

47:36

i've heard about as well as his first proposed by and

47:39

new zealand postman who taught fun and hudson

47:41

in the eighty nineties no one listens to him

47:43

to the person who does sort of push it through is william

47:45

will it weirdly he's an ancestor

47:47

of chris mortensen coldplay

47:49

the vivid

47:51

, trivia toilets at any

47:53

rights and nineteen rights and that people are wasting

47:55

time david back to your point of wasting

47:57

daylight

47:59

and he might

47:59

the case for and everyone's cause i'm a loser

48:02

so what happens here use another moralists

48:04

he used to go horse riding first thing

48:06

in the morning when the sun was up a nice to see the

48:08

people's curtains and services still

48:11

closed because there was still asleep so he wanted

48:13

them to get up early and know how are you gonna tell

48:15

the population you should get up early

48:17

of his solution was what was

48:19

to serve a quarter of the population

48:22

of earth to this day over a century

48:24

later which is we change the hands on every

48:26

talk and watch in our country

48:28

by putting the talks forward and spraying effectively

48:31

getting up and already know it didn't catch

48:33

on for well it's either he died in nineteen

48:35

sixteen having failed to

48:37

get this idea taken on both

48:39

by then by then oh gord broken out and sydney

48:42

it became sensible to try and reduce

48:44

energy sits in artificial lighting

48:47

in places like munitions factories

48:49

spring forward fall back and we've been

48:51

doing it ever since

48:53

yeah under america was hilariously

48:55

bad at it so and ninety sixty three an official

48:57

report complained that because

48:59

individual pounds and states

49:02

and cities could choose whether the obscene or

49:04

not to daylight saving time and when

49:06

they would the started and stuff you

49:08

, literally travel thirty five miles

49:11

between mounds fill west virginia and steubenville

49:13

ohio and you go through seven time

49:15

zones in have thirty five miles

49:17

which is i'm i'm is it it's freedom time

49:20

concern fit as as as a widower

49:23

events are rules as the time we said as

49:26

yeah so on and it's still super controversial

49:28

even now david i know every year the debate comes

49:30

up with daylight saving time in parliament's

49:33

people are like this is stupid

49:35

and yet the same time with still persisting me that that we

49:37

need to move on hi

49:45

i'm now for the nuance window this

49:47

is where does rain i take a timeout

49:50

and david has two minutes

49:52

the he's here to tell us about

49:54

i mean you to think about time as a political

49:56

thing so david without much further

49:58

ado

49:59

the time to shine where we talked

50:01

a lot about how people have always use clocks

50:03

to control our lives to

50:06

have also heard the people have been

50:08

resisting the idea of thousands

50:10

of years when those first public

50:12

sundial games ancient rome people

50:14

calls for the columns on which they were mounted

50:17

to be torn down with crowbar

50:19

us throughout history people

50:21

have fought back against the tyranny

50:24

of the clock the eighty ninety

50:26

four on a grassy hill outside

50:28

the greenwich royal observatory the young

50:30

french anarchists called marshall

50:33

both on luna cells oak

50:35

it was a botched bombing not a suicide

50:37

attempt when it planned to do

50:39

was to throw a bomb at the public

50:42

clock mounted in the observatories gate

50:44

posts the first clock in

50:46

the world to show official greenwich

50:48

mean time that he wanted to

50:50

resist what he thought was the tyranny

50:53

of centralized control and hierarchical

50:55

order symbolically

50:57

and physically stop and the clock that made

51:00

it all work the wasn't

51:02

the only one who pushed back sometimes violently

51:04

against clocks is sexy workers in europe

51:07

as laborers in africa the

51:09

colonialists in india nationalists

51:11

an island slate workers in

51:13

the american south and many other places

51:16

and this story of resistance is a story

51:19

that i'm interested in immensely the

51:22

people have started building clocks

51:24

as a form of resistance as well using clocks

51:27

to resist the short termism

51:29

as the modern world and modern political

51:32

decision making the nineteen seventy

51:35

the club was buried and report in osaka

51:37

that run to five thousand years

51:40

in a time capsule

51:42

the musical composition been playing in a

51:44

lighthouse in east london for the

51:46

last twenty two years and it's gonna play

51:48

it for a thousand years before

51:50

it repeats

51:52

there's a mechanical pendulum clock being

51:54

built in texas right now that's

51:56

gonna run the ten thousand years

51:59

and that

51:59

the help in is resistant sense

52:02

of hurry sickness it's probably not doing as

52:04

much good

52:06

the cops are brought great positive change

52:08

to the world i think they're amazing but they're also complicated

52:11

they represent the flow

52:13

the power through societies

52:15

and i think that's why we're so fascinated with them but

52:17

i think of her naptime amazing thank

52:19

you david when i think that that

52:22

was beautiful and tragic picked

52:24

as as you're saying all that it's

52:26

so true and it's like by your times

52:31

there are able to myself what guy and that's enough now

52:33

david it's time now for

52:35

so what are you know now

52:42

that our quick for a quiz for a comedian

52:44

deseret see how much she has remembered

52:46

and we have fire to the stuff that he does array of a

52:48

little my gosh like this is linda moses

52:50

brainiac and numbers the time may

52:53

still seasons as and world but you

52:55

have forty out of forty so far as

52:57

we say that it does this help as you

52:59

don't understand my ability to bear

53:01

sit in the eleventh hour it's kind

53:04

of methane let's

53:06

say okay so and questions

53:09

here we go question was what does the ancient

53:11

greek word for a water clog

53:13

me water see waters the so it's

53:15

club

53:16

the or something like that each club

53:17

the drug that sidra i'll let you have that question

53:20

, youth in medieval china what was a

53:22

fire clock the incense

53:25

clock yeah absolutely crysis

53:27

three of the conquering catalunya conquering sicily

53:30

what did the roman steel and put in

53:32

there for him even know it was inaccurate

53:34

they didn't stop the clock that with they are that

53:37

was like are fundamental question for his

53:39

question caught a clock yeah and the caucus

53:41

o'clock it's caucus question five

53:44

the oldest surviving mechanical clock

53:46

is about six hundred years old david has

53:48

visited it in which country can

53:50

you find it it's after one and then

53:52

is and it is yeah it's really very

53:54

good question six why do we cool long

53:56

case clocks grandfather case

53:59

because them dude wrote a song

54:01

that jaya had it covered about his grandfather

54:04

dying at ninety when the clock starts at

54:06

this question seven who

54:08

was a knock a rapper seth

54:13

rogan in that movie now are many

54:15

, woke you up for the early shit by banging

54:17

on your window and they didn't have guns at that

54:19

time to shoot at present and stop that

54:22

practice i'm happening exactly

54:24

cause the night what was the go

54:26

with the golden voice competition in nineteen

54:28

thirty five this was the time x

54:30

factor competition that happened for the voice

54:33

of the time when you called the phone number

54:35

which i remember doing in the eighties in america

54:37

but it was a different way

54:39

question nine during the french revolution what

54:41

new time system with child and then

54:43

abandoned after a team or fifteen months

54:46

because it's a good idea team times

54:48

and on the ten percent to

54:51

that's , metrics imo decimal science this

54:54

for a perfect score again deseret

54:56

but this to be that deleted all

54:58

time champion what

55:00

is the name of the mathematical system

55:03

based on the number twelve that was

55:05

used in the ancient bronze age and is still used

55:07

today the time keeping

55:09

oh shut your face uncle

55:11

okay

55:12

it's like the dead dead dead desk

55:14

duo decimal is it is that

55:16

it was awesome

55:17

right ah

55:20

, to see out of this

55:22

the observer lensing

55:24

conqueror amazing done right or simply

55:26

almost like time now unruliness

55:29

at the hunger

55:31

when he can buy one what are you get

55:34

six the other sixteen that will be like time that we

55:36

got yeah well that nominal stuff

55:38

while and then or a this is amazing

55:41

and also i didn't realize how

55:43

political and horrible time was

55:45

like that's a comically lights capitalism

55:48

and religion and control like

55:50

everything is what people do to stuff the

55:52

history of times the history of the world and that's why

55:54

i love it so much sex listener if you're desperate

55:56

for more deseret than obe you can listen to our many

55:58

episodes with her but i've

55:59

the time this legend josephine baker is one

56:02

of my say that south and of course if you want to chase

56:04

another ordinary subject through the ages

56:06

why not check out or episode on the history of

56:08

high heeled shoes they are timeless

56:10

classic and remember if you enjoyed the podcast

56:12

please review shed a chevy friends and

56:15

subscribes your that to me on bbc sounds that you never

56:17

miss an episode but oldest left

56:19

me now it's time to say thank you

56:21

to our guests in history corner we had

56:23

a dazzling doctor david rooney thank you david

56:26

thank you are a great time

56:30

honestly will have a for the time puns

56:33

and in comedy corner we have the do a decimal

56:35

delights the quiz queen herself deseret

56:37

birds thank you deseret yes thank

56:40

you so much i can't wait to do this one

56:42

more time ah

56:44

very good

56:46

and you loving this know so i mean next

56:48

time when we time travel to another corner

56:50

of the past two different time hoppers

56:53

the finale from africa build myself a fire

56:55

thought that smells like this hello

56:59

look at me with a production by the athletic

57:01

the bbc right there for the research with i wrote

57:04

a little three episode with scripted i'm

57:06

produced i'm in a guth and me and

57:08

he says the producer with any both pride good fellow

57:11

the project manager with either matthews and the order

57:13

produces less feet haiti and advocate

57:24

i guess case lucid

57:26

as a historian i loved one picks

57:29

the hidden history behind what we were

57:31

it my series told the bbc radio

57:33

folks we hear about the in items

57:36

that have changed the world from ,

57:38

tote bag have a textile dating

57:41

from late seventeenth century as

57:43

it is private life the modern tote bag

57:45

with piece for pets and of crisscross

57:48

and flowers and as to elongate

57:51

it handles to the mini skirts

57:53

there were the possibilities in the art and

57:55

the mini skirt was the beginning

57:57

of say and we have somebody

57:59

the front

58:03

right

58:14

everyone deserves better banking

58:17

better access and better security

58:19

so at capital one they're fighting

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